U2 COMPARATIVE ANATOMY chap. 



Sub-Order. 4. Pentamera. 



Tarsi as a rule five-jointed in all legs. Fam. Xylophaga, Malacoderviata, Elate- 

 ridce, Buprcstidce, LamelUcornia, Silphiclx, Pselaphidai, Staphyliniclce, HydropMUdce, 

 Dytiscidce, Cardbidce, Cicindclidcc, etc. 



Order 14. Lepidoptera. 



Insects with complete metamorphosis and sucking mouth parts, forming a pro- 

 boscis which can generally be curled up. Body covered with scales. Both pairs of 

 wings similar, membranous, covered with scales, rarely foldable. Hind-wings 

 generally somewhat smaller than fore-wings. The larvfe are caterpillars, with anal 

 feet, with biting mouth parts, rarely (Microptcryx) footless. 



Sub-Order 1. Miorolepidoptera. 

 Fam. Pteropluyridm, Tinddm, Pyralidce, Tortricidce. 



Sub-Order 2. Geometrina. 

 Fam. Pliytomdridcc, Dcndroinctrida;. 



Sub-Order 3. Noctuina. 

 Fam. Ophiusidcc, Plusiadce, Agrotidce, Cuculliadce, Acronyctidce, etc. 



Sub-Order 4. Eombycina. 



Fam. Bomhydda:, Saturnidcc, Psychidce, Zygcenidce, Cossidce, Liparidm, Eupre- 

 piad(e, Notodontidcc. 



Sub-Order 5. Sphingina. 



Fam. Sesiadce, S-pMiujidm. 



Sub-Order 6. Ehopalocera. 



Fam. Eesperidcc, Lyccenidce, Satyridce, Nympihalida:, Hdlconiidm, Equitid(e. 



Order 15. Hymenoptera. 



Insects with complete metamorphosis, with mandibles adapted for biting and 

 maxillse generally adapted for sucking. Usually 4 membranous, transparent, slightly 

 veined wings. Various sorts of caterpillars — those of the Tenthredinldce and Uro- 

 ceridce are footless, i.e. maggot-like. 



Sub-Order 1. Terebrantia. 



Female with ovipositor (borer or tube). Fam. Tcnthredinidce, Uroccridce, Cyiii- 

 pidce (gall flies). The larv;e of the Pterotnalida; Braconidcc, IcJincumonidce, Evaniadce, 

 are generally parasitic in the larvte of other insects. 



Sub-Order 2. Acnleata. 



Female with poison sting and poison glands. Fam. Formiddce (ants), Fossoria 

 (sand wasps), Vcspidce (social wasps), Apidce (bees). 



