Family CHARADRIiD.4-:. Genus Totanus. 



Subfamily Totaninm. 



DUSKY REDSHANK. 



TOTANUS FUSCUS— (Z/«««;«). 



Geographical Distribution.— ^^zV«/5 .■ Rare straggler on 

 spring and autumn migration, most frequently the latter, to the east 

 coasts of England, south of the Humber. Becomes much rarer 

 in the south, and of still less frequency in the west. Has occurred 

 inland as far as Notts. Has occurred several times on the east 

 coast of Scotland, but not in the west, nor in the Hebrides. Several 

 examples have been killed in Ireland, one near Belfast, and others in 

 the Moy estuary, during autumn and winter. Foreign : Northern 

 Palsearctic region ; Ethiopian and Oriental regions in winter. 

 Breeds on the tundras of Europe and Asia, above the limit of forest 

 growth, but nowhere apparently south of the Arctic Circle (unless 

 it be at high elevations on the mountains of Turkestan, where 

 similar climatic conditions prevail), from Lapland in the west, to 

 the Tchuski Land in the east. Passes the European and Pacific 

 coasts, including Japan, as well as along internal fly-lines on 

 migration, and winters in the basin of the Mediterranean, in 

 Africa north of the equator (a few wandering as far south as the 

 Cape Colony), in India, Burma, and China. It has also been 

 said to wander to Ceylon, and to the Aleutian Islands. 



Allied Forms. — Perhaps most nearly allied to Totanus 

 glottis and T. calidris, both of which are well-known British 

 species. 



Time during which the Dusky Redshank may be 

 taken. — August ist to March ist. 



Habits. — Except during the period of its migrations the 

 Dusky Redshank is rarely seen on the coast ; and it is only on 



