Family ANATID.^. Genus Fuligula. 



Subfamily Fuligulin.^. 



TUFTED DUCK. 



FULIGULA CRISTATA— (Z^af/z). 



Geographical Distribution. — British .• Fairly common 

 winter visitor to most of the low-lying coasts as well as to many 

 inland waters. Breeds locally throughout the British Islands, and 

 in numbers which are steadily increasing in many districts. 

 British breeding area — England : Nottinghamshire (Newstead, 

 Clumber, Rainworth, Welbeck, and Rufford), Norfolk, Sussex, 

 Dorset, Hertfordshire, Shropshire, Yorkshire, Lancashire, and 

 Northumberland. Scotland : Roxburghshire, Perthshire, Kin- 

 ross-shire, and Aberdeenshire. Ireland : Loughs Neagh and Beg, 

 and in some parts of Co. Monaghan. Foreign: Patearctic region ; 

 parts of Oriental region in winter. Said to breed sparingly in the 

 Faroes, and to have occurred in Greenland. In Europe the 

 regular breeding area of this species reaches little if any above 

 the Arctic Circle, although the bird has been obtained in Scandi- 

 navia up to lat. 70°. Southwards it breeds in all suitable localities 

 to about lat. 50°. Eastwards its regular breeding area scarcely 

 reaches the Arctic Circle in the west, although the bird has been 

 obtained in the valley of the Yenesay up to lat. 68° ; whilst on 

 the Pacific coast it drops down to lat. 62°. Breeds throughout 

 Southern Siberia ; the Asiatic birds wintering in Japan, China, 

 and India. The European birds winter in South Europe and 

 Northern Africa as low as Abyssinia. 



Allied Forms. — Fuligula collaris, an inhabitant of the Ne- 

 arctic region, and the New World representative. Distinguished 

 from the Tufted Duck by its much shorter crest, chestnut collar, 

 and pale gray instead of white speculum. 



