196 THE LONG-TAILED DUCK OR ' CALLOO ' 



the tinkling of bells, whence the German name die Schelle Ente, 

 Bell Duck, the Norfolk provincial name Rattle-Wing, and the 

 systematic name Clangula. The young male does not make this 

 noise, and having also dissimilar plumage from the adult, has been 

 described by some authors as a distinct species under the name of 

 Morillon. 



The food of the Golden Eye varies with its haunts. In estuaries 

 it feeds on crustaceous and molluscous animals and small fish, which 

 it obtains by diving. In rivers and lakes it feeds principally on 

 the larvse and pupae of insects, for which also it dives in clear deep 

 water. The caU-note is an unmelodious quack or croak. 



The Golden Eye breeds only in high latitudes, and builds its nest 

 in holes of trees, often at the height of twelve or fifteen feet from 

 the water, into which it has been seen to convey its young one by 

 one, holding them under the bUl, and supported on its neck. The 

 Lapps, in order to supply themselves with eggs, are in the habit 

 of placing in the trees, on the banks of the rivers and lakes fre- 

 quented by these birds, boxes with an entrance hole, which, though 

 invariably robbed, are visited again and again. 



The Golden Eye is found in many countries of Europe, in Northern 

 Asia, and in North America. 



THE LONG-TAILED DUCK, OR ' CALLOO ' 



HARELDA GLACIALIS 



Winter plumage — head, neck, elongated scapulars, under parts, and lateral 

 tail-feathers white ; a large patch of chestnut-brown on each cheek ; 

 flanks ash-grey ; rest of the plumage brownish black ; two central tail- 

 feathers very long ; bill black, with a transverse orange band ; irides 

 orange ; feet yellow with dark membranes. Length, including the tail, 

 twenty- two inches. The female wants the white scapulars and elongated 

 tail ; head and neck dark brown and greyish white ; below the ear-coverts 

 a patch of brown ; neck in front light brown, clouded with darker brown ; 

 upper plumage generally dark brown, under white. Length sixteen 

 inches. Eggs greenish white, tinged with bufif. 



Though a few specimens of this beautiful bird are obtained from 

 time to time in various parts of England, especially on the coast 

 of the eastern counties, it cannot be considered other than a rarity. 

 ' Among the northern islands of Scotland, and along the coasts of 

 the mainland', MacgiUivray tells us, ' these birds make their appear- 

 ance in October, in small flocks, which gradually enlarge by the 

 accession of new families. In the Bay of Cromarty, where they are 

 very common, it is pleasant to see them in small flocks scattered 

 over the water. They are most expert swimmers, and live on 

 bivalve shellfish and Crustacea, which they obtain by diving in 

 shallow or moderately deep water. The male in swimming raises 

 his tail obliquely, in rough water almost erects it, and is remarkable 



