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Though producing apples of varied qualities,' all these 

 regions present more or less similarities in climatic factors, 

 such as humidity, cloudiness and precipitation, but the 

 temperature varying. Hence we may conclude that the 

 adaptive range for apples depends mainly on the amount of 

 precipitation during the period of vegetation. 



SAND AND WILD PEARS. 



Sand pears grow throughout Japan, except the Riukiu 

 Isles and Formosa. They have a wide range of adaptation as 

 regards climate and soil. They mostly grow very healthy^ are 

 productive, and seem to attain the fruiting age earlier than the 

 European pears, other conditions being equal. They are 

 adapted to the warmer parts of Japan better than European 

 pears. Pears of good quality are now grown in north Japan 

 and Hokkaido. Their flavour and appearance seem to e^cgl 

 those grown in the more southern parts of Japan. .;>:,,:., 



The growing of sand pears is one of the most adyaniGed 

 and important line pf business for Japanese growers. They seem 

 to flourish equally well in Omote-Nippon. The best kinds are 

 grown in the provinces of Echigo, Kaga, Echu and Echizen. 

 Though North Japan has also good kinds of native pears. Of 

 late years, an expert grower called Chojuro Taima has succeeded 

 in bringing out a novel breedjto which his name has been given. 

 It is almost unsurpassed in quality and other characteristics as 

 a market pear. It has a wide reputation among growers and 

 salesmen and has spread throughout the country with great 

 rapidity. In Omote'-Nippon, good :)ears have long been culti- 

 vated in the villages on rich, alluvial deposits of the Tamagawa, 

 some six miles south of Tokio. Resides, native pear orchards 

 abound in regions with rich river bottoms and in littoral 

 districts. Low paddy fields are often inter-planted wi^h sand 

 pear trees with good success. In an extensive pear region of 

 Nara, pear-trees are planted on low ridges, side by side with rice 



