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■ ' That is, trees begia to bear in the second year from plant- 

 ing. Growers let them fruit at such an early period. They 

 are impatieht, iiideed^, to get some return from them as soon as 

 possible. Shoots emerging beneath the trellis are all retained 

 to cause a large yield as soon as possible. Thus, the outlines o( 

 trained pear trees differ widely in two di stricts in the east arid 

 the west. Thfe relative merits of these two systems of tana are 

 Still open to discussion and dispute among growers. Besides 

 pears, plums and vines can be well trained by this system. 

 Plums are grown lately by this method in Terada-mura near 

 Kyoto. All those fruit trees which bear on fruit spurs can be 

 similarly trainable. By this mode of training, it is clear, that 

 early and profuse bearing can be brought out only with light 

 pruning. 



In some parts of west Japan where pears are grown on 

 steep hillsides tana being made along the slope so as to cover 

 the hillside and the leafy canopy covering the trellis protects 

 the crop growing beneath it against heavy winds. In this case, 

 the fruiting portion mainly seats under the trellis. Grapes until 

 recently have exclusively been tana-trained. Its remarkable 

 scenes are visible in growing centres of Katsunuma, Iwai and 

 other villages in the Province of Kai and Katashita vineyard not 

 far from Osaka. In the former, vines are widely planted at 

 the rate of 40 trees per acre, while in the latter it numbers 120 

 vines per acre. In such a wide planting vines run freely on 

 the tFellis. Winter pruning, stopping, suckering, pinching or 

 rubbing of surplus shoots,' thinning and other treatments are 

 regularly performed, Owing to the vigorous habit of the vine 

 wide space is given to its free growth. Long pruning answers 

 •veil. I'hus, keeping moderate its growth makes it enter sodn 

 into a bearing condition. 



Lately, foreign modes of training are being adopted among 

 our vineyardists who grow foreign varieties for the purpose of 

 wine-making or dessert. Their comparative merit, howevefj 

 is quite open to future discussions. 



