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The system of Tana-training has widely spread in this 

 country, except those districts with heavy snowfall. In nortli- 

 west Japan where heavy snowfalls occur, trees are trained to 

 the irregular standard, branching its arms above the normal 

 depth of snow. In some parts, twigs are bundled together 

 before winter comes. 



Grape vines in these territories are alvyays mulched in the 

 late autumn to prevent breakage of canes, By the above 

 statements, tana-training seems to have sprung into wide-spread 

 favor in virtue of the following merits : 



1. The convenience of management, harvesting and 

 control of enemies. 



2. The simplicity and durability of the construction. 



3. The easiness to induce trees to the fruiting condition. 



4. The easiness and cheapness of getting material, 



5. The prevention of damages by the storms prevalent 

 in our country during late summer or when approach- 

 ing harvest. 



6. To secure the maximum surface in order to enjoy 

 the full sunshine on the tree. 



7. To protect against heavy rainfall during the flowering 

 period. 



Situated in the usual course of storms which attack our 

 islands several times a year, our fruit growers have to protect 



.themseves against serious damages. The heaviest one usually 

 attacks about late August or early September. Fruit trees, par- 

 ticularly those without support suffer from the attack not only by 



. losing their crop, but followed by injuries on the next years 

 crop. Pears and apples near the seashore are covered with 

 salt upon the foliage. It becomes brown and drpps down 

 prematurely, while the roots are still acting. Buds for the next 

 year are forced to expand and flower in consequence. Fruit 

 sets but can not grow, thus rendering the crop quite worthless. 

 Thus it is not an uncommon event to our growers to lose their 

 expected crop for the following year. 



