( loo ) 



peaches and nectarines have long been cultivated with a 

 little care &s regards pruning and training, but during past 

 twenty years modes of treatment became improved and careful. 

 Trees are mostly 'of dwarf bush form with an open centre. 

 Still no summer pruning has been carried on. 



The yearling trees are planted on stocks previously 

 planted and grafted or budded. On planting, tap roots are 

 removed. Wateirsprouts and suckers remain unpruned in the 

 first winter pruning, whilst such strong growths are trained in 

 position bending them down with straw lines, to keep the 

 center spreading and open. Bending of shoots is adjusted 

 according as the vigor of the shoot. Thus, the growth of 

 the shoots being regulated, an equilibrium, of growth can be 

 acquired with ease. These modes of training which mainly 

 aim at the early fruiting though simple and imperfect from the 

 ornamental point of view, seem to answer well fort he purposes 

 of our cottage farmers or small growers. 



Citrous fruit trees and loquats are also left alone. They 

 receive only manuring, mulching, cultivation and seldom 

 spraying. But they produce an immense crop" in alternate 

 'years. Lately, oiir veteran growers have become acquainted 

 with the necessity of pruning for the well-being of the tree and 

 come to practice the work in some parts. 



KaUi has until recently taken leadership among our 

 orchard fruits. They have been a most popular and wide- 

 , spread fruit for a long time. But their culture under rational 

 treatment is of quite recent origin. Sweet varieties serve 

 directly as dessert, but astringent ones become eatable as 

 .'-weetened by curing or other processes. Cured products still 

 have a large demand in our market. To cure, each fruit is 

 peeled and sun-dried, suspended on straw twine. To 

 facilitate this process, a bit of shoot remains attached to each 

 fruit stalk like the letter T, and by this method the fruiting 

 shoots are broken with the fruits. This process of breaking 

 shoots has become by chance a mode of pruning. A far better 



