8 COCOA AND CHOCOLATE 
000 were supposed to be consumed in Spain. The estimated con- 
sumption in Europe at the present time is over 225,000,000 pounds. 
A recent estimate of the total amount of crude cocoa exported from 
the tropical regions in which it is grown, based partly on official fig- 
ures and partly on expert estimates, is above 600,000,000 pounds per 
annum. In the report of the U. S. Bureau of Statistics for the fiscal 
year ending Dec. 31, 1916, the principal importations of crude cocoa 
into this country are given as follows: British West Indies, 40,898,- 
190 pounds; Dominican Republic, 49,053,832 ; Brazil, 31,904,817 ; 
Ecuador, 44,644,568; other South American countries, 56,090,090 ; 
European countries, 20,025,557. 
In the United Kingdom the amount consumed in 1831 was only 4 
of an ounce for each inhabitant. In 1915 it had risen to about 36 
ounces; that is, about 104,205,000 pounds. The percentage of in- 
crease since 1860 has been much greater than that of tea or coffee. 
In that year the consumption of tea was 2.67 pounds for each inhabi- 
tant ; of coffee, 1.23 pounds; of cocoa, 2 ounces. In 1915, the con- 
sumption of tea was 6.89 pounds for each inhabitant ; of coffee, only 
11% ounces ; of cocoa, about 36 ounces. It appears from this that in 
Great Britain and Ireland cocoa is actually taking the place of coffee, 
the per capita use of the former having greatly increased, while the 
per capita use of the latter has greatly decreased. 
Any statement covering the period following the outbreak of the 
great war in Europe in the summer of 1914, relative to the con- 
sumption of cocoa in that part of the world, should be considered 
with some qualification, as absolutely accurate figures are not obtain- 
able. 
In the United States the increased consumption of cocoa in recent 
years has been even more striking. The amount retained for home 
consumption in 1860 was only 1,181,054 pounds, or 85 of an ounce for 
each inhabitant. The average annual consumption for the three years, 
1914, 1915, and 1916, amounted to 194,691,014 pounds.’ This shows 
1 These are the Custom House returns for the year ending Dec. 31. 1916. 
