58 Elementary Manual of Zoology. 
all the common food-fishes of India. The following are 
a few of the more important forms :— 
I.—Cyprinida@ or carps of all kinds, with narrow mouths 
often furnished with barbels, jaws weak and with- 
out teeth, teeth, however, being numerously present 
on the bones of the throat. The students should 
at least examine and sketch some such Carp as the 
Mahseer, if they have not time to do the complete 
dissection described on pages 89 to 93, 
(1) The Mahseer (Barbus tor) of hill-streams. 
This fish mounts the streams in the rainy 
season and lays its eggs, afew at a time, 
in the smal] nullahs. In the hot weather 
it descends into the deeper pools. It feeds 
on weakly fish, water-snails, fresh-water 
crustacea, insects and seeds. There are 
also numerous small carps (genus Barbus) 
allied to the Mahseer, to be found in rivers 
throughout India. The School Museum 
contains numerous specimens. 
(2) The Indian trout (Bartlius bola), found in 
rivers with clear streams and stony beds 
throughout India, A beautifully spotted 
fish, There are also a number of allied fish 
(genus Barzlus), known as the “lesser 
Barils,’’? which are found in fresh water 
throughout India. The School Museum 
contains a representation of Baridius bola 
for examination by the students. 
(3) Chela ov Chtlwa ( Chela argentea) and numer- 
ous allied species of fly-taking fish, very 
common in fresh water throughout India. 
(4) Labeos, including the Rodita of Bengal, 
numerous species of heavy sluggish fish 
found in tanks and other still fresh water 
throughout India. The School Museum 
contains one of these well known tank fish. 
The students should notice particularly the 
large suctorial lips with which it is fur- 
nished. 
I1,—Silurida, known as fresh-water sharks, cat-fish, or 
butter-fish with broad depressed head and naked 
skin. 
They are found in fresh water throughout 
