610 APPENDIX 



Melito. On the east coast coral is found oft' Capes Spartivento and Bruzzano, and oft' Cape 

 Rizzuto, in the Gulf of Squiliace, and on the eastern margin of the Gulf of Taranto, oft' 

 Cape Santa Maria di Leuca. 



In the Bay of Naples several coral-banks are known. They are situated five or six 

 miles from the shore, in the neighbourhood of Capri ; near the small island of Nisida, 

 between Pausilipp and Pozzuoli ; in the neighbourhood- of Cape Miseno ; around the island 

 of Ischia ; between Naples and \ ico Equense ; and near Castellaniare, on the promontory of 

 Sorrento. 



The coral-fisheries next in importance to the North African have been for a long time 

 those in the waters surrounding the islands of Sardinia and Corsica, the fishing being 

 confined almost exclusively to the west coasts. The islands of San Pietro, to the south of 

 Sardinia, ^^ith the localities of Carloforte, San Antioco, and del Toro must also be 

 mentioned ; while further north there is the Cape San Marco, and the stretch of coast 

 between Bosa and Alghero. A still richer locality for coral is the Strait of Bonifaccio, 

 between Sardinia and Corsica. It is obtained on the Sardinian side from Asinaro, 

 Castelsardo, Longosardo, and from the Maddalena and Caprera islands. On the Corsican 

 side it is found in the neighbourhood of Bonifaccio ; and also along the whole of the western 

 coast of the island as far noi'th as Cape Corso, for example, in the Gulf of Propriano (Gulf 

 of Valinco), and at many other places. A little coral is found on the east of Sardinia, near 

 Cape Corallo, but none on the east of Corsica. 



A certain amount of coral is obtained from the islands of Elba and Giglio, and from 

 that part of the Tuscan coast, between Monte Argentaro in the south and San Stefano 

 in the north, opposite to which these islands lie. Here also lies Alsidonia ( = Ansidonia), 

 famous even in Pliny's time for its coral-fishery. Another coral-producing part of the 

 Tuscan coast stretches from Cecina, near Livorno, in the south to La Spezia in the north. 

 Monte Nero, near Livorno, was at one time a somewhat important centre, but fishing 

 appears now to be discontinued. 



There are coral-banks, though only of minor importance, on certain parts of the 

 French coast ; in the neighbourhood of the Hyeres, near Toulon, on the coast of 

 Provence ; on both sides of the bay of St. Tropez, south of Cannes ; and a little further to 

 the west, near Point Riche, east of the mouth of the Rhone. French coral is usually short and 

 thick ; the foot of a stock frequently bears a large number of branches, so that the whole 

 stock looks like a tuft of hair. 



The whole of the Spanish, coast, from the French border to Gibraltar, forming 

 parts of the provinces of Catalonia, Valencia, Murcia, and Granada, is fringed with coral- 

 banks, the yield of which is not without importance. The localities deserving of special 

 mention lie quite in the north ; they are situated near Cabo de Creus, in the Gulf of Rosas, 

 and in the vicinity of Cape Bagur, of Cape Sebastiano, and of Palamos, all near latitude 

 42° N. The seas surrounding the Balearic Islands are also productive of coral. The broad 

 foot in Spanish coral-stocks supports several branching stems growing up like columns, and 

 the coral itself is often of a particularly dark-red colour. 



Pliny and other ancient writers, and also certain modern authors, state that precious 

 coral is to be found in other districts ; for example, in the Red Sea and Indian Ocean. It 

 does not seem to exist in those parts of the ocean at the present time, however, although 

 reef-building corals abound. It is possible that true precious coral {Coralliuin rubrum) is 

 really confined to the Mediterranean, but other seas arc inhabited by many corals, \\hich, 

 though belonging to dift'erent species, are yet very like ComUhun riilriim, and yield coral 

 which is used for similar purposes. One of these, CoruUmm lubrani, is said to furnish the 



