98 THE MINIATUEE FEUIT GAEDEN 



sometimes injured by spring frosts, I have an equal 

 number of gooseberries trained as pyramids between 

 every row of apple trees ; these produce large crops of 

 fruit every year, thus providing for a possible failure of 

 the apple crop. This plantation thus contains 1,344 

 trees ; the outlay upon it consists of a shallow digging 

 in November and 16 tons of manure, with two hoeings 

 during the summer. For the last four years I have had 

 continual crops. An amateur wUl hardly require so large 

 a plantation, but he may with perfect confidence alter- 

 nate the apples or pears with gooseberries and currants. 



APPLES AS WALL TREES 



We have been so accustomed to think of, and treat the 

 apple tree as hardy, and perfectly adapted to our insular 

 climate, that the culture of superior varieties as wall 

 trees has been neglected, except in the extreme north of 

 our island, where the climate is not very favourable 

 even to the culture of the Eibston Pippin as an orchard 

 tree. 



The varieties most worthy of cultivation against 

 walls in England, even in our most favoured counties 

 with regard to climate, are mostly of American origin, 

 the continental varieties, with but very few exceptions, 

 not being remarkable for goodness of quality. 



The best methods of cultivation are — 



