146 THE MINIATUKE FEUIT GAEDEN 



if SO ordered), and pot the trees with soil prepared for 

 them. When planted, fill in a space of one foot or 

 more round the outside of the pot for the roots to feed 

 on when the soU of the pot is exhausted ; every autumn 

 clear away this and fill in with fresh soil, increasing 

 the bulk, at the same time cut off every root close to 

 the pot that has passed outside ; this is another form of 

 root-pruning, but it provides an absolute independence 

 of soil. The trees will not make a strong growth, but 

 they will be fruitful and will require little or no pruning ; 

 stout boxes, with holes or chinks for the emission of 

 roots, will answer, but they are not of course so durable 

 as the pots. 



PROPEE DISTANCES FOR PLANTING PYRA- 

 MIDAL AND OTHER EEUIT TREES 



Pyeamidal pear trees and bushes on quince stocks to 

 be cultivated as root-pruned trees for small gardens, 

 four feet apart. 



The same, in larger gardens, not root-pruned, six 

 feet apart. 



Pyramidal pear trees on the pear stock, root-pruned, 

 six feet apart. 



The same, roots not pruned, eight or ten feet — the 

 latter if the soil be very rich. 



Horizontal espalier pear trees on the quince stock, 

 for rails or walls, ten feet apart. 



Upright espaliers on the quince stock, for rails or 

 walls, four to six feet apart. 



