APPENDIX 197 



bushes of them. It is cream-coloured, with black spots 

 all over, and two large black dorsal spots on each 

 segment ; there is a reddish-orange stripe along each 

 aide over the spiracles ; the whole of the second segment 

 and the under side of the third and fourth, and of the 

 four last segments, is also reddish-orange. It is hatched 

 in August or September, feeds for a little while, and 

 then passes through the winter, either sheltered under 

 the leaves on the ground, or spins some leaves together 

 and hangs in them from the twigs, to which they are 

 attached by silk threads. It appears again with the 

 new leaves, and it is then that it does most damage 

 About June they spin a slight transparent cocoon, 

 attached to the twigs of the bushes, or to palings, &c., 

 in which they change to yellow pupae, which afterwards 

 become shining black with orange-coloured rings. The 

 moth appears in July and August; it has a very 

 sluggish flight, frequently flying by day, and may 

 be easily captured. The wings measure about two 

 inches across, and are white with several rows of black 

 spots. The fore wings have an orange' blotch at the 

 base, and a slender orange band beyond the middle 

 The head is black, the thorax orange, with a large 

 black spot in the middle, and the abdomen orange, 

 with five rows of black spots. The markings are veay 

 variable. The fallen leaves should be removed from be- 

 low the bushes in the winter, and burnt, a thin film of 

 the surface soil being also skimmed up with them ; the 

 bushes should be also examined for those which have 



