APPENDIX 199 



The batches of eggs look rather like patches of greyish 

 mould. The larvae vary, being sometimes green, 

 sometimes brown, striped with whitish along the back. 

 They attack everything : buds, flowers, foliage, and 

 growing fruit, and, when in great numbers, leave the 

 tree brown and scorched-looking. They are full fed 

 about the end of May or beginning of June, and 

 turn tO' pupEe below the surface of the ground at the 

 foot of the trees. The fact of the female having such 

 a lot of eggs shows the great importance of preventing 

 her from laying them ; this is done by 'sticky-banding' 

 the trees.' A strip of cloth or brown paper is tied 

 closely round the trunks of the trees, and some sticky 

 substance smeared on it. Cart-grease mixed with 

 equal proportions of Stockholm tar is perhaps the best. 

 The bands must be examined frequently, and the cap- 

 tured insects removed. They should be renewed when 

 necessary, and should be begun in good time. The 

 caterpillars may be syringed with various washes, such 

 as dilute solutions of soft soap, quassia chips, paraffin, 

 &c., when they are young and have not protected 

 themselves by drawing the leaves together. When 

 they are nearly full fed, they may be shaken down on 

 to sheets spread below. Gas lime forked a few inches 

 into the soil between the end of June and October will 

 destroy the pupae. These remedies also apply to the 

 Mottled Umber moth, the description of which follows. 

 The Mottled Umber (Hyhernia defoliwria). The 

 male of this moth measures about an inch and three- 



