WITH BROWN PREDOMINATING 259 



lustreless sooty-gray plumage and entire absence of 

 metallic coloring. 



In habits the two are very much alike, nesting in 

 banks and congregating in flocks for migration. The 

 Rough-winged are, however, found in small colonies, — 

 seldom more than two or three pairs in a bank, — and 

 are more apt to choose a gravelly soil than are the bank 

 swallows. They are somewhat less timid also, and 

 sometimes make their nests about buildings. The one 

 essential seems to be running water, and crevices in the 

 abutments of bridges are often filled with their nests. 

 The hooked edge of the wings, which has given them 

 their name, seems to be slightly less prominent in the 

 present species than in specimens collected fifty years 

 ago, and it is possible that this characteristic will become 

 modified as their environment changes. 



619. CEDAR WAXWING. — Bombycilla cedrorum. 

 Family ■ The Waxwings and Phainopeplas. 



Length: 6.50-7.50. 



Adults : Crest, head, and under parts soft fawn-color, changing to olive- 

 yellow on flanks ; streak through eye velvety black ; upper parts 

 plain olive-gray, becoming blackish on wing-quills and tail ; the latter 

 tipped with yellow ; both tail and wings sometimes tipped with red 

 wax-like appendages. 



Young : Similar, but colors duller, and under parts strongly, upper parts 

 lightly, streaked. 



Geographical Distribution : Whole temperate North America, from 

 Atlantic to Pacific; south in winter to Guatemala and West 

 Indies. 



Pacific Coast Breeding Range : In the humid Transition zone of Oregon, 

 Washington, and British Columbia. No breeding record for Califor- 

 nia (Grinnell). 



Breeding Season : June, July, and August. 



