WILD FLOWERS YELLOW AND ORANGE 
textured, and the margins are coarsely and sharply 
toothed. They are long-oblong, or lance-shaped, 
and pointed and tapering to the base, loosely veined, 
and usually velvety to the touch on the under side. 
The smooth stalk becomes hairy toward the top, 
where it branches loosely into several slender, leafy, 
recurving and spreading stems, along one side, of which 
near the tips, are set the little yellow flowers. The 
latter. have about four rays. This species selects the 
broken shadows of dry rocky woods and copses, 
from Maine to Georgia, and west to Minnesota and 
Texas, from July to September. _ 
WRINKLE-LEAVED, OR TALL HAIRY GOLDEN- 
ROD. BITTERWEED 
Solidago rugosa. Thistle Family. 
A very hairy and rough species, growing from one 
to seven feet high, and usually found in fields and 
along fences and roadsides from July to November. 
The straight, stout, long-haired stalk is crowded with 
sharply toothed, long-oblong, and lance-shaped leaves, 
that taper at the base, and are thinly textured, and 
loosely veined. They are very hairy, particularly 
so on the under side, and are slightly wrinkled. The 
flowers are set on one-sided stems which are grouped 
in a spreading leafy head, formed by the erect branch- 
ing of the stalk at this point. The ray flowers number 
from six to nine, and the disc flowers from four to seven. 
This species is very variable, and ranges from New- 
foundland and Ontario to Florida and Texas. Cattle, as 
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