YELLOW AND ORANGE WILD FLOWERS 
phere. Of this number about forty are found in 
North America. 
TALL, OR GIANT SUNFLOWER 
Helianthus gigantéus. Thistle Family. 
A tall perennial species, with a rough, hairy, purple- 
stained stalk rising from three to twelve feet high from 
fleshy, creeping, edible roots, and are either single or 
branching at the top. The firm-textured, taper-pointed, 
lance-shaped leaves are very rough above, and rough 
hairy beneath. They are narrowed at the base, and are 
set on short stems or clasp the stalk. The margins are 
finely toothed or entire. Many or all of the upper leaves 
are alternate, but sometimes they all are paired. Usually 
several flower heads are borne on long, terminal stems, 
and are often two and a half inches broad. The yel- 
lowish disc florets are surrounded with from ten to 
twenty pale yellow rays, and are held together in a deep 
green, half round cup. This Sunflower is found in low 
thickets, swamps, and wet meadows from August to 
October, from Maine and Ontario to the Northwest Ter- 
ritory, and south to Florida, Nebraska and Louisiana. 
A more northern variety of this species develops, 
tuberous roots, and because they are used as food 
by the Indians, they are known as Indian potatoes. 
JERUSALEM ARTICHOKE. EARTH APPLE. 
CANADA POTATO 
Helianthus tuberosus, Thistle Family- 
Long before Columbus set foot on our shores, the 
native Indians cultivated this species for its thick, 
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