DURING THE LAST WAR. 9 
Of jute, at the same period, 521 maunds to the United 
Kingdom, 159 to America, and 1100 maunds to Hamburgh. 
Gunny cloth, or sacking, which in Bengal is made of jute, 
is exported either in pieces or made up into bags; of these, 
besides considerable numbers to Penang, China, and New 
South Wales, 34,000 were exported to America in the year 
1796. Since which, the quantity has gradually increased, 
having been, in 1849-50, 6,545,964, and of jute 83,802 
maunds; so that India has contributed something to the suc- 
cess of the American cotton trade, as Bengal gunny bags are 
everywhere preferred in the Southern States for the packing of 
cotton. The following are the exports from the three Presidencies 
for the official year 1850-51 ; the maund being equal to 82 lb.: 
Hemp 
Hemp Gunny Gunny 5 
(Sunn). Popa) Tute. bags. pieces. Coir. | Canvass 
Maunds. | Maunds. | Maunds. | Number. | Maunds. | Maunds. | Bolts. 
Calcutta . 7635 10,301 | 793,299 |8,759,185| 276,528 2654 
Cwt. Cwt. Cwt. 
Madras . 2095 1372 _ 58,950 _ 109,288 | 470 
Bombay . | 11,793 274 _ 188,540) — 4178 | — 
Besides these, as belonging to fibre plants, we may mention 
that, in addition to linseed oil, considerable quantities of 
linseed are exported from all three Presidencies, as will pro- 
bably also soon be the case from Sindh. 
Maunds. Cwt. Cwt. 
ee pee Calcutta, 765,497 Madras, 801 Bombay, 45,135. 
The true Hemp is nowhere mentioned in these returns, though 
the plant is cultivated everywhere on account of its intoxi- 
cating properties. But Bombay being unable, from its insular 
situation, to produce enough for its own consumption, im- 
ported from the Concan 514 cwt. of ganza, or the dried leaves 
and flowers of the true hemp. In the above returns, by the word 
Hemp is no doubt intended the Sunn fibre of India, under which 
name, however, are probably included the fibres both of Croto- 
laria and of Hibiscus; while the gunny bags of Madras are 
probably made of Crotolaria fibre, as may be those of Bombay. 
But the latter also imports a large number of gunny bags 
