280 SUNN IN MADRAS TERRITORIES. 
(when the Telinga people consider the fibre to be in the 
greatest perfection), it is pulled up by the roots, like Hemp in 
Europe; half dried in the sun, then tied up in bundles, and 
committed to the water, where it is steeped, &c. This plant, 
he further mentions—and it is the only one—is also cultivated 
there by some natives to feed their milch cows with during the 
dry season. It is very nourishing, and causes them to give 
more milk than most other food. It only bears two or three 
cuttings; after that, the plants perish. (‘Corom. Plants,’ v. ii, 
t. 193.) 
Sunn is also cultivated in Rajahmundry as a second crop, on 
wet lands, with profit to the ryut; and is even exported from 
that and other Northern districts in some quantity. 
Dr. Buchanan, in his ‘ Journey through Mysore,’ mentions 
that, at Bangalore, Goni is a considerable article of manufacture, 
and that it is a coarse, but very strong sackcloth, from eighteen 
to twenty-two cubits in length, and from a half to a quarter of a 
cubit broad, and that it is made from the Janupa, or Crotalaria 
juncea. The Gonit maker hires from some farmer as much 
high ground as he thinks will raise a quantity of Janupa 
sufficient to employ his family in manufacturing for the year. 
The soil may be red or black, but is not manured. The soil 
is sown broadcast when the rains become heavy. But it is 
also cultivated on rice-ground in the dry season, with the aid 
of irrigation. It requires four months to ripen. When cut 
down it is spread out to the sun and dried. The seed is then 
beaten out by striking the pods with a stick. The stems are 
then tied up in large bundles, and preserved in stacks or under 
sheds. The bundles are taken out as wanted, and put in the 
water, at which time their bands are cut, and the stems, being 
opened out, are kept down to the bottom by stones or mud. 
According to circumstances, they require to be kept in the 
water from six to eight days. When the bark separates easily 
from the stems they are taken out of the water, and a man 
taking them by handfuls beats them on the ground, and occa- 
sionally washes them, until they are clean, and at the same 
time picks out with his hand the remainder of the booy, until 
nothing except the bark be left. This is then dried, and, being 
taken up by handfuls, is beaten with a stick to separate and 
clean the fibres. (‘ Journ.,’ i, p. 226.) 
