302 FIBROUS PLANTS OF VARIOUS FAMILIES, 
called Composite, the plant called Jerusalem artichoke, the 
stems of which abound in fibres. So probably does also the 
extensively cultivated Carthamus or Safflower. 
Belonging to this family, we may mention a plant which is 
remarkable for the under surface of its leaves being covered 
with a cotton-like tomentum ; hence it is called kupassee, from 
kupas (a name of cotton). The people in the Himalayas use 
it as tinder. It is also spun into thread and woven into cloth, 
of which bags are made. ‘The string, until examined, looks 
as if formed of fibre. A coarse kind of blanket, called xurkee, 
is said to be made of this substance by the Hill people north 
of Deyrah. Though curious, this substance is not of much 
importance. 
COROLLIFLORALS (Corollifore). 
In a previous page (131) we have referred to the distinction 
between Exogenous plants, as having their floral envelopes com- 
posed of several or of a single piece. Having now passed 
through all the former families of plants, we have arrived at 
those which have the corol composed of a single piece or petal, 
into which the stamens are inserted. Hence, by botanists 
they are called Corolliflore. The arrangement may be useful, 
in enabling observers abroad, who are unacquainted with 
Botany, to ascertain the group to which any plant may belong 
which they find possessed of fibrous, or of any other useful 
properties. 
Doezsanes (Apocynacee). 
Among the division of plants which we have just noticed, 
there are comparatively few which are known to be useful for 
fibrous properties; yet there are some which are most con- 
spicuous for the strength of their fibres. These belong to two 
families of plants which are so nearly allied to each other, that 
they were united together by the ‘celebrated Jussieu. Both 
are remarkable for abounding in milky juice; and some of 
them in caoutchouc, or some analogous products. Of these, 
the Apocynacez or Dogbanes are composed chiefly of trees and 
shrubs, of which the Oleander is a conspicuous example. But 
