PREPARATION OF NEPAL PAPER. 313 
in Science,’ i, p. 210.) Dr. Campbell describes the paper, as 
made by the Bhoteahs, “as strong, and durable as leather 
almost, and quite smooth enough to write on; and for office 
records, incomparably better than any India paper. It is 
occasionally poisoned by being washed with preparations of 
arsenic, in order to prevent the destruction caused by insects. 
Many of the books in Nepal, written on this paper, are said to 
be of considerable age, and that the art of making paper seems 
to have been introduced about 500 years ago from China, and 
not from India.” He states that this paper may easily be pro- 
cured at Patna, Purneah, and other places in the plains of both 
Southern and North-Western India. 
Creitis onsentauis (Ulmacee). 
Capt. Reynolds, who, like several of the other officers in 
Assam, has paid much attention to the natural products of 
the province, sent to the Agri-Hortic. Society a specimen of a 
primitive cloth made by the Garrows from the bark of a tree, 
whose leaves were enclosed in the parcel. ‘ They make several 
such cloths of different colours from various barks, and though 
these manufactures would seem cheap enough, they are not 
usually at the expense or labour of even such rough clothing 
for themselves, preferring apparently to go naked ; they import 
at least 100,000 mds. of Cotton, but to my knowledge do not 
weave a seer for themselves. The Garrows who come to the 
plains have generally some small ends of cloths; but these are 
bought from the Bengalees, apparently to attend the hauts 
(fairs) in, not as clothing to protect them from wind and 
weather.” 
Dr. Falconer, to whom the specimens were referred, pro- 
nounced them to be those of Celtis orientalis, a tree which is 
pretty common all over India, and known under the name of 
Chakan in Bengal. The cloth is probably called “Yangfung” 
in Assam : Capt. Reynolds names it “ Amfuk.” Dr. Buchanan 
Hamilton says, the under bark of this tree, like that of 
the West India kind, consisting of numerous reticulated fibres, 
forms a kind of natural cloth, used by the Garrows for covering 
their nakedness. (‘ Lin. Trans.,’ xvii, p. 209.) He also describes 
