INTRODUCTION XXXI 



Of one carpel {monocarpellary) — 



1. Pod, O- legume, dry and splitting down both sides, as in the 

 Legumiiio^ia. 



2. Drupe, or stone-fruit, with a sicin, flesh, and stone, the 

 kernel Ijeiiig the seed, as in the tribe Pruiicce of the Rosacaz. 



Of more than one carpel (polxcai-pellai-y) — 

 Apocarpous (carpels distinct). 



3. Etinr'o (Greek hctaims, a companion"), a collection of 

 car] lels (//7////('/jf), each of whicli maj' be tiry, one-seeded and 

 inJehiscent, when it is called an achene (Greek a, not ; cJia'mo, I 

 split), as in the Buttercuj), Strawberry, and R.nse ; or each may 

 be a dry many-seeded pod or fol!icli\ splitting down one side, as 

 in the ilarsh-marigold and the Columbine ;' or each may be a 



Parietal placentation. 



Free-central placer. tation. 



succulent miniature drupe or Ji-upc-/. as in the Blackberry and 

 Raspberry. 



Syncarpous (carpels united). 



Superior. 



4. Ca?yof'sis, dry, indehiscent, and one-seeded, as in MTieat 

 and most Grasses, each grain being a fruit formed of two carpels 

 with a grooye where they join. 



5. Siliijua, the dry, two-chambered 

 Crucifera (p. 3;). 



6. Rcgma, dry, splitting into nutlets, 

 bills. Spurges, Mint, Boraj;e, &c. 



7. Samara, dry and winged, as in the Ash, Maple, and Elm, 



8. Capsule, drv and dehiscent, as in the Violets, Primrose, 

 Pinks, Sic, opening h\ valves in the Violets, by teeth in the 

 Primrose, h\ pores in the Poppy, and by splitting all round in the 

 Pimpernels. 



dehiscent pod of the 

 as \\\ Mallows, Cranes- 



