INTRODUCTION xlv 



petals, and stamens 5 each ; stamens opposite the petals ; carpels 

 3 — 5; ovary i-chambered, i-oviiled. (p. 313.) 



Order 47. Frimuldccoi (The Primrose Family). — Herbs, 

 mostly with radical leaves, c( nspicuoiis polysymmetric flowers, 

 and capsular fruits ; sepals, peials, and stamens 4 — 9 each ; 

 stamens opposite the petals ; ovary i-chambered ; placentation 

 free-c;-ntrnl ; ovules many. (p. 315-) 



Or HER 4.8. Oied'ecE (The Olive Family). — Trees or shrubs with 

 opposite leaves and small polysymmetric flowers ; sepals and petals 

 4 each, or absent ; stamens 2 ; fruit a samara or berry-like. (p. 324.) 



Order 49 Apocyndcece. (The Periwinkle Family). — Perennial, 

 slender, prostrate undershrubs with milky juice ; opposite, e\er- 

 green, entire leaves, and large polys) mmetric flowers ; sepals, 

 petals, and stamens 5 each ; corolla salver-shaped, contorted in 

 bud. (p. 326.) ... 



Order 50. Genfidnece (The Gentian Famjly). — Bitter glabrous 

 herbs, mostly with opposite, simple, eniire leaves and conspicuous 

 polysymmetric flowers ; sepals, j.)etals, and stamens 4 — to each ; 

 carpels 2 ; fruit a capsule ; se ds many. (p. 327.) 



Okder 51. Polemoiiidcea (The Jacob's f^adder). — An erect 

 herb with pinnate leaves and con-picuuus jiolysymmetric flowers ; 

 sepals, petals, and stamens 5 each ; carpels 3 ; Iruit a 3-chambered, 

 manj'-seeded capsule, (p. 334-) 



Order 52. _Boraginece (The Borage Fanlily). — Herbs, mostly 

 rough, with scattered, simple leaves, and conspicuous polysym- 

 metric flowers ; sepals, petals, and stamens' 5 each ; carpels 2, 

 2-ovuled ; fruit a regma of 4 i-seeded nutlets, (p. 334.) 



Order 53. Convolvuldi.ecE ( Phe Bmdwetd Famil\). — Herbs, 

 generally twining, with scattered, simple leaves, or leafless, and 

 polysymmetric flowers ; sepals, petals, and stamens 4 — 5 each ; 

 car|jels 2, 2-ovuled ; fruit a 4-see(ied capsule, (p. 345.) 



Order 54. Solandcca (The Nightshade Tamily). — Herbs or 

 shrubs with scattered leaves and pohsymmetric flowers ; sepals, 

 petals, and stamens 5 each ; carpels 2 ; fruit a capsule, or berry- 

 like, many -seeded, (p. 34S.) 



Order 5v Sci-ophulaj-inea. (The Figwort Family). — Herbs 

 having mostly conspicuous monosymmetric flowers ; sepals, 

 petals, and stamens 4 — 5 each ; corolla often bi-labiate ; stamens 

 generally didynamous ; carpels 2 : fruit a 2-cliambered, many- 

 seeded capsule, (p. 3S3-) 



Order 56. Orobanchdcea: (The Broom-rape Family). — Fleshy, 

 brownish parasites, with scattered scale-leaves and monosymmetric 

 flowers ; sepals 4 — 5 ; petals 5, bi-labiate ; stamens didvnamous ; 

 carpels 2 ; fruit a i-chambered, many-seeded capsule, (p. 371.) 



