xlviii INTRODUCTION 



small drupe ; stamens 4—8 ; ovary ,i-chambered, i-ovuled. 



(p. 443.) 



Order 75. Cupidiferm (The Mast bearing Family).— Trees or 

 shrubs with scattered', simple, stipulate l.eaves and small flowers; 

 stamens 2—20; carpels 2—3, 1—2 ovuled ; fruit a i — 2-cham- 

 bered nut with i seed in each chamber, (p. 444-) 



Order 76. 6'(?//««f« (The Willow Famjly).— Trees, shrubs, or 

 herbs, Avith scattered, simple, stipulate leaves, and conspicuous 

 catkins which generally precede the leaves ; stamens 2—30 ; 

 carpels 2 ; ovary i-chambered ; seeds many, with silky hairs. 

 (P- 45I-) 



Class IT Monocotyledo7is. — Plants having one cotyledon, 

 parallel-veined leaves and floral leaves generally in whorls of 3.' 

 (pp. 456— 591.) 



Sub-Class i. Petalo'idea: — Having the perianth usually petal- 

 oid and coloured, not, as a rule, green or glumaceous.^ (pp. 457 

 —521.) 



Series i. Epigyna-. — Perianth superior, (pp. 457 — 4S2.) 



Order 77. HydrochayidecF (The Frog-bit Famil)-). — Aquatic 

 herbs with conspicuous flowers, polysymmetric and dioecious ; 

 sepals and petals 3 each; stamens 3 — 12 ; carpels 2>—^'^'> fruit a 

 berry, (p. 4 5 7-) 



Order 78. Orchidece (The Orchid Family). — Herbs mostly 

 with tuberculate roots and conspicuous monosymmetric flowers ; 

 sepals, petals, and carpels 3 each; stamens i — 2, gynandrous ; 

 ovary i-chambered ; fruit a many-seeded capsule, (p. 459.) 



Order 79. yr/a'f^ (The Iris Family). — Herbs with fleshy under- 

 ground stems, narrow leaves and handsome flowers ; sepals, petals, 

 stamens, and carpels 3 each ; ovary 3-chambered ; fruit a many- 

 seeded capsule, (p. 473.) 



Order 80. AmaryllidecE C^\\& x'^maryllis Family). — Herbs with 

 bulbs, narrow leaves and handsome polysymmetric flowers ; sepals, 

 petals, and carpels 3 each ; stamens 6 ; ovary 3-chambered ; fruit 

 a ciipsule ; seeds 3 or more. (p. 477.) 



Order 81. Dioscdrece (The Black Bryony).- -A climbing herb- 

 aceous perennial with broad, glossy, net-veined leaves and small 

 moncecious flowers ; sepals, petals, and c'arpels 3 each ; stamens 6 ; 

 ovary 3-chambered; fruit a berry; seeds 6. ([). 481.) 



' Leaves are net-vtined in tlic Bl.-ick Bryony (Dioscofedccie'), Herb Pai b (Liliacea;), and 

 Arum (Aroidca;) ; and tlie flora! leaves are in whork of f9iir in Naiadacese. 



^ The perianth i.s membranou.s or green in Juiicdcea:,^ Naiadacca?., and .Eriocaulcif, and 

 absent in T^rphacca', Aroldeje, and Lemn.'iceje. 



