CABBAGE FAMILY 



49 



4. D. vcnia (Spring Whitlow-grass). — Slem a single, slender, 

 leafless scape ; leaves rosulate, lanceolate, hajry ; _flo7^'e?-s minute ; 

 petals deeply bl-lohed ; pods varying very much in form and com- 

 pression.— Common on walls and dry banks. — Fl. February — July. 

 Annual. 



** Fl(nve?'S yellow 



5. D. aizbides (Yellow Alpine "Whitlow-grass). — Stem leafless, 

 I — 5 in. high; leaves rosulate, linear, glabrous, ciliate ; petals 

 slightly notched. — On rocks and walls at Pennard Castle, near 

 Swansea, where it forms dense tufts with bright ytVvov; flowers. — 

 Fl. March — May. Perennial. 



17. CocHLEARiA (Scurvy-grass). — Glabrous herbs, with simple, 

 often fleshy leaves ; small white flnvers ; and 

 nearly globose pods, with prominent dorsal- 

 veins. (Name from the Jxitin eoelilear, a 

 spoon, from the shape of the leaves m some 

 species.) The plants of this genus derive 

 their English name from the relief which they 

 afiord to sailors suffering from scurvy, in con' 

 sequence of their being debarred from the 

 use of fresh \egetables. This antiscorbutic 

 quality is shared to an equal degree by other 

 pjlants of the Order ; but these were most 

 readily available from growing near the seas 

 Steam navigation and the consequent short- 

 ening of voyages, preserved vegetables, and 

 the use of hmejuice have, however, rendered (r^rnai irhuim-irraj!). 

 this dreadful disease much less common. 



1. C. ojjleiudlis ((_'ommon Scurvy-grass). — Stem often much 

 branched, 10 in. high; 7-adieal leaves stalked, orbicular or reni- 

 forni, cordate ; caulhie leaves amplexicaul,- lobed ; floivers in 

 rather large corymbs ; pod nearly globose.— On muddy sea- 

 shores ; common. — f 1. Mav, June. yVnnual. 



2. C. alpina (Alpine Scurvy-grass). — A smaller form with an 

 obovoid pod. — On lofty mountains. 



3. C. ddniea (Danish Scurvy-grass). — Another small form, with 

 stalked, deltoid leaves and an ovate /(7c/. — Cliffs and hedges near 

 the sea ; comn.on. — Fl. March — August. Biennial. 



4. C. dngliea (English Scurvy-grass). — Brauelies ro — 18 in. 

 long ; radical leaves not cordate, fleshy ; flowers and pods larger 

 than in C. ofljcindlis, the latter somewhat elongate, nearly \ in. 

 in length. Muddy seashores; common. — Fl. May - August. 

 Annual. 



E 



DR.^RA VKKNA 



