PINK FAMILY 69 



Orp. XII. (Jak\ophvli,ace.e. — Tiih; Pink Family 



An extensive and well-marked Order oP herbaceous plants, 

 chiefly Arctic, Alpine, European and W. Asiatic. The sA-ms, 

 which are sometimes woody below, are generally swollen at the 

 nodes or joints ; the /nai'es always opposite and simple, and often 

 glaucous ; the flowers polysymmetric, and frequently large and 

 ornamental, mostly red or white, in cymes. v'V''/-*' 4 — 5> distinct, 

 or with a cab'x-tube below ; petals 4 — 5, distinct; stamens 4 — 10, 

 usually twice as many as the jietals, hypogynous ; carpels 2 — 5, 

 united into a i-chambered or imperfectly 2^5-chambered ovary 

 with free-central placeiitation ; styles 2 — 5 ; ovules numerous ; 

 lapsiile opening by twice as many teeth or, valves as there are 

 styles. Though no members of the Order ate put to much use, 

 the rinks, Carnations, and Sweet \\'il]iams :are favourite garden 

 flowers ; and our hedges are much indelited for their showy 

 apjiearance in spring to the great \\'hite Stitchwort, and in sum- 

 mer to the Red and ^\'h^te Campions. Bota'ijists subdivide this 

 large order into three sub-orders. 



Si'l>- Order I. S^leiietc. — Campion Trltie. Leaves exstipulate ; 

 sepals 5, 11 lilted Into a tube ; petals 5, ehnved : stamens 10, united 

 at their base and Inserted wltli the petals on the elongated axis 

 below the ovary ; styles distinct. 



* Two or moir Imbricate bracteoles below calyx 



I. Dianthus. — Strles 2 ; capsule i-chambe-red, opening at the 

 top with 4 valves ; seeds flattened. 



*"' U'lthout bracteoles 



*2. Sapcix^.^ria. — Styles 2 ; capsule i-chambered, opening at 

 the top with four valves ; seeds rounded. 



3. SlLLNL, — Fetals generally with a ligule ; styles 3, rarely 5 ; 

 capsule imperfectly 3-chambered, opening at the top with 3 — 6 

 valves. 



4. Lychnis. — Style: j, — ^\ capsule i- or imperfectl)' 5-cham- 

 bered, opening at the top by 4 — 10 teeth. 



Sub-Order II. .Usinccc. — Chlckweed Tribe. Leaves e.xstlpu- 

 lafe : sepals distinct ; stamens not united ; ovary iwt stalked ; styles 

 distinct. 



5. SagIna. — Sepals 4—5 ; petals 4 — 5, minute, entire or 

 absent ; stamens 4 — 10 ; styles 4 — 5 ; capsule 4 — 5-valved, many- 

 seeded. 



