2 2 2 UMBELLf FER/E', 



bracts, hracteoles and calyx-teeth absent ; petals yellow, roundish, 

 entire, with an acute, involute point ; ^riiit much dorsally com- 

 pressed ; lateral printarv ridges forming thin, flat, distant wings ; 

 vittce solitary, linear. (Name, the C^^la'ssical Latin name of the 

 plant.) 



I. P. saliva (Conimon Parsnip). — A downy erect plant, 2 — 3 

 feet high, with tap root ; stem angular, hollow ; leaves pinnate, 

 glossy, downy beneath; leaflels 5 — i r, sessile, ovate, serrate; 

 umbels terminal, ebracteate ; flowers small, bright yellow. — Banks 

 on calcareous soil ; not uncommon. Differing from the culti- 

 vated form chiefly in its smaller root. — Fl. July, August. Bien- 

 nial. 



37. Hi^RACi.EUM (Cow-Parsnip). — Large plants ; eaves 1 — 3- 

 pinnate ; leaflets broad, lobed ; umbels compound, many-rayed ; 

 bracts deciduous ; jluwers white or pink, the outer ones irregular ; 

 fruit as in Peucedanum, but with short, club-shaped z'/Z/^i-. (Named 

 after the hero Heracles.) 



I. H. Spiiondvlium (Common Cow-parsnip, Hog-n-eed). — A \'cry 

 tall and stout plant, with a channelled hairy stCDt, 4 — 6 feet high ; 

 large, irregularly cut, rough leaves ; and 'spreading umbels of con- 

 spicuous white flowers. — Hedgerows ; common. Li spring the 

 plant is remarkable for the large pale ,oval tufts formed by the 

 sheathing bases of the cauline leaves distended with the flower- 

 buds. In the outer flowers the symmetric enlargement of one 

 deeply 2-lobed and inflexed petal, and the unsymmetric modifica- 

 tion of those on either side of it, should be noticed. This, like 

 many other UmbelliferLe, is often confounded by farmers \\ith the 

 poisonous Hemlock ; but catde eat it with impunity. — Fl. July. 

 Perennial. 



A gigantic, handsome Siberian species, H. gigdiiteinii, is com- 

 monly grown in shi uljbeties, and may occur as an escape. 



*3S. ToRDVLiUM (Hartwort). — Hairy annuals with pinnate 

 leaves, linear hracleoles and thick wings to the fruit formed by the 

 lateral ridges, is represented by T. iihixiiuiiiii, a slender, hispid plant 

 with reflexed hairs and small, 6 — 8-rayed umbels of pink jloicers, 

 which occurs in waste places at Oxford, Fton, and Isleworth ; but 

 is not native. — Y\. June, July. v\nnual. 



*39. CoRi.ANiiRUM (Coriander), also slender annuals, but 

 glabrous, with pinnately decompound haves, few-rayed compound 

 Hinhels with no bracts, few thread-like bracteoks, petals often 

 irregular, and very globose, slightly ridged fruit, is represented by 

 C- sativum, an occasional escape from cultivation in the south and 



