HEATH FAMILY 307 



small flowers : calyx of 4-coloured sepals, longer than the corolla ; 

 corolla bell-shaped, 4-cleft, persistent, lilac; stamens 8; capsule 

 4-chambered, septicidal ; seeds few in each chamber. (Name 

 from the Greek kalh'ino, I cleanse, from the use of the twic's to 

 make brooms.) 



I. C. vulgdns (,Ling, or Heather).— The only species, The 

 small leaves are more or less downy (sometimes even hoary), and, 

 being arranged in opposite and decussating 

 pairs, give the stem a 4-sided appearance. 

 There are 4 small green bracts below each 

 flower, and 4 rose-coloured sepals concealipg 

 the very small, bell-shaped, 4-cle(t corolla. — 

 Heaths and moors ; abund.mt. The flowers 

 persist long after the fruit is ripe, often, indeed, 

 until the next year's flowering. A beautiful 

 double-flowered variety has been found in 

 Cornwall, — Fl. June— August. Peiennial. 



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IP 



5. Eric.a (Heath), — Wiry, much-branched 

 uiider-shrubs with small, narrow, stiff, generally 

 whorled leaves; bracteate flowers; sepals 4; 

 corolla bell-shaped, tubular or urceolate ; 

 stamens 8 ; capsule 4-chambered, 4-val\ ed, 

 loculicidal, and septifragal. (Name from the 

 Greek ereike.) 



1. E. cilidiis (Ciliated Heath). — By far the 

 most beautiful of all the British species ; leaves 

 3 or 4 in a whorl, downy above, glaucous 

 beneath ; flowers in terminal, interrupted, one- 

 sided, spike-like racemes, ovoid, half-an-inch 

 long, crimson, enclosing the stamens. — Sandy 

 heaths, Cornwall ; near Corfe Castle, Dorset ; 

 and Galway. — Fl. June — September. Peren- 

 nial. 



2. E. Tetralix (Cross-leaved Heath. — ^^',ell 

 distinguished from all other English species by 

 its narrow, fringed leaves being placed cross-wise, and by its 

 terminal, one-sided lieads of drooping, rose-cploured flowers. The 

 part of the flower nearest the stem is of a lig'hter colour than that 

 which is exposed, where it deepens to a delicate blush, the whole 

 flower appearing as if modelled in wax. If is sometimes found 

 of a pure n-hite. Heaths ; abundant. — Fl. July — September. 

 Perennial. 



3. E. Mackdyi (Alackay's Heath), dift'ej-ing in being more 

 X z 



C.^LLLNA VULG.^KIS 



{Linf, or Heather). 



