ORCHID FAMILY 467 



II. Orchis. — Herbaceous plants with tuberous roots; leaves 

 mostly radical, sessile, and sheathing : licwers not stalked, with a 

 hood formed of the lateral petals ; Up anterior, 3-lobed, with an 

 empty spur ; polUnia 2, distinct, with their glands in one pouch. 

 (Name, the Greek name of the genus.) 



* Tubers cvoid 



1. 0. liirc'nia (Lizard Orchis). — Stem i — 3 feet high : -flowers 

 large, in a loose spike ; sepals and lateral petals green, spotted with 

 red ; lip over an inch long, strap-shaped, spirally coiled in bud, 

 white, with red spots. — A\oods on chalk in Kent, Sussex, and 

 Wilts. : very rare. The flowers have an unpleasant goat-Hke 

 smell -Fl. May. Perennial. 



2. 0. pyramiddlis (Pyramidal Orchis). — Stem 6 — iS in. high: 

 leaves lanceolate, acute : flowers small, deep rose-colour, rarely 

 white, in a dense pyramidal spike ; lip wjth 3 equal, oblong, 

 truncate lobes, and a slender spur longer than the ovary. — Lime- 

 stone pastures ; frequent. — Fl July, x'\i gust.- Perennial. 



3 0. iistuldta (Dark-winged or Dwarf Orchis). — Stem 4 — 6 in. 

 high ; leaves oblong, acute ; flowers many, small, in a dense oblong 

 spike, dark crimson at first, and, therefore, at the top of the spike, 

 becoming white later, that is, lower down; spur much shorter 

 than the ovary. — L'pland calcareous pastures ; not common. — Fl. 

 May, June. Perennial. 



4. 0. purpurea (Great Brown-winged, or Old Woman Orchis). — 

 Stem stout, I — 3 feet high ; leaves oblovig, blunt ; flt'wersm a dense 

 spike, greenish-red, with a dark hood, light rose-coloured, 4-lobed, 

 flat lip. with raised, rough, red jioints, and short spur. — ^^'oods on 

 chalk in Kent and Sussex ; rare. — Fl. May, June. Perennial. 



5. 0. militdris (Military Orchis). — A closely allied but smaller 

 species, with pale red flowers, with a pink hood, pink and white, 4- 

 lobed lip with narrow, upcurved segments, and raised, rough, red 

 points, and short spur. — Chalky hills in the south-east of England ; 

 rare. — Fl. Tvlay, June. Perennial. 



6. 0. simia (Monkey Orchis). — A closely allied but more slender 

 form, with dark red hood and the lobes of the lip all long, narrow, 

 and crimson. — Chalky hills in Berkshire. Oxfordshire, and Kent ; 

 rare. — Fl. May. Perennial. 



7. 0. morio (Green-winged Meadow Orchjs). — Stem 6—12 in, 

 high ; leaves lanceolate : flowers few, m a loos'e spike, deep crimson, 

 rarely white : blunt, lateral sepals, and /"cte^ .strongly marked with 

 parallel green veins, and bent upwards to form a hood over the 

 column;" lip pale, spotted with crimson: spur shorter than the 

 ovary, blunt. — Meadows ; frequent. — Fl. May, June. Perennial. 



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