PINE FAMILY 



593 



Pine, and the Cluster Pine (P. Pindsler) ; Canada balsam, 

 obtained from Abies halsdmea ; Kauri gum and other ^kinds of 

 Dammar or varnish resin, obtained from species of Agalkis in 

 the Southern tiemisphere ; the bark of the Hemlock Spruce 

 {Tsiioa canadensis), so largely used in tanning; and the wood 

 of the so-called Pencil Cedars {Juniperus virginidna and /. 

 bermiididiia) are among the other valuable products of tfie 

 Order. 



pfxcs S'i-LVfsTRIS {Scots Fir), 



1. Pixrs. — Co;;? woody ; 5ca/M persistent. 



2. Juniperus. — Coue flesh)-, berry-like. 



I. PiNus (Pine). — Evergreen trees with leaves of two kinds, 

 spirally arranged, scale-leaves on the long shoots, and needle- 

 shaped leaves in clusters of 2, 3, or 5 on short shoots; -flowers 

 moncEcious ; staminate cones in spikes; stamens 2 -chambered ; 

 pollen-grains with two air-bladders; cone-scales becoming woody 

 and terminating above in a rhomboid mass (apopliysis) with a 

 deciduous point, persistent ; ovules 2, inverted at the base of each 

 scale. (Name, the Classical Latin name.) 

 QQ 



