THE SOUTHERN FULMAR. 85 
MatTeERIAL IN THE ‘ DISCOVERY’S’ COLLECTION. 
No. 128, ad. sk. ¢. Nov. 16,1901. Pack ice, 61° 46’ S., 140° 12' E. 
The colour of the soft parts of this bird is as follows :— 
Bill, rosy pink, blackish at the tip on both mandible and maxilla. The nasal tubes and 
base of the mandible grey with a lilac tinge shading into rosy pink on the side 
plates. 
Tris, rich brown. 
Legs and toes and web all flesh grey with a strong pink tinge. Each knuckle on the 
outer digit of each foot marked blackish, as also to a slighter extent is each knuckle 
of the middle toe. A narrow blackish edging runs along the outer edge of each foot. 
Claws, blackish. 
MATERIAL IN THE ‘ MorNING’s’ COLLECTION. 
No. 3, ad. sk. ¢. Nov. 25,1902. 67°S., 174° E. 
THE range of the Southern Fulmar in the Southern Hemisphere, as given by Mr. 
Howard Saunders, is very wide. It has been reported from the Cape, from the 
Pacific Coast of America, and as far North as Washington territory. Kerguelen Island 
is supposed to be a breeding place. It is abundant throughout the Southern Oceans, 
and has been obtained from Louis Philippe Land, Ross Sea, South Victoria Land, Ross’ 
Barrier and the Weddell Sea; also from the region westward along Adélie Land. 
Probably there is no quarter of the Antarctic in which it may not be found. The 
Scottish expedition reports it from the South Orkneys about the middle of February, 
and apparently in some numbers, just as we saw it in numbers off the Balleny Islands at 
the end of the same month. Nothing appears to be known of its breeding habits; the 
Scottish expedition were unable to find it nesting, though they strongly suspected that 
it bred on the north side of Laurie Island; nor were we in the ‘ Discovery’ any more 
successful. I can only suggest the Balleny Islands asa possible nesting place, but 
if the bird breeds upon Kerguelen Islands it is much more likely that the more 
northern sub-Antarctic islands will prove eventually to harbour them. It must be 
considered a migratory bird, since it visits the southern waters of the ice pack during 
the summer months (December, January and February) and retires northward to the 
open ocean for the winter. Here we met it in abundance during June and July. We 
saw a very great deal more of this handsome bird in what may be called the sub- 
Antarctic region than in the true Antarctic. The first example was met with in 
59° 18'S. and 138° 2’ E., the day before encountering the pack ice on November 15th, 
1901. They were rather more plentiful in the pack, and followed us for a couple of 
days after leaving it as we steamed north toward the Macquarie Islands, as far as 
57° 25' 8. in 151° 45’ BE. After this we saw no more till we once again entered 
the ice on the 2nd of January, 1902. <A pair of birds met us with the first iceberg in 
S. lat. 67° 20’ E. long. 179°. The following days in the pack we saw three more, and 
then from January 6th in 1902 till February 27th in 1904, for two whole years, we 
never saw the bird. It keeps to the opeu ocean, and avoids the coast of South Victoria 
Land. In McMurdo Sound it never visited us, neither indeed did we see more than a 
