60 W. G. RIDEWOOD. 
the distal end of the parental stolon. In fig. 81 the large individual is a half- 
grown bud, and the sausage-shaped structure is no larger than the stalk of the 
former, and bears a small bud of exactly the same size as that borne by the 
extremity of the stalk of the large bud. Further, there is an indication of a 
constriction at the basal end of the stalk of the large bud, which if completed 
would convert the stalk into a sausage-like structure exactly similar to that shown 
on the right side of the figure. One concludes, therefore, that the latter body is 
the severed stalk of a half-grown bud. 
In fig. 79 there are two sausage-like bodies and three buds, two on the larger, 
and a very small bud on the smaller. Fig. 83 shows a long curved, club-shaped 
rod, and two buds, one with the fifth pair of plumes just appearing, the second 
with the first plumes only, still attached to the extremity of the stolon of a normal 
and healthy individual, not shown in the figure. The area from which the parent 
stolon was dissected off is marked a. In this case it is fairly evident that the club 
is a bud-stalk. 
While groups such as are shown in figs. 78, 79, and 81 are not uncommon, the 
groups which afford the evidence of the mode of origin of the sausage-like bodies are 
searce. In fig. 82 is shown a parent individual with a constriction of the stolon in 
such a position that, if intensified so as to result in a division of the stolon, it will 
leave in the bud-system a curved, sausage-like body such as that shown in figs. 78 
and 79. The group shown in fig. 80 différs from the last in that the basal portion 
of the parental stolon is attenuated and narrow, and is of interest as suggesting the 
mode of origin of such a group as that shown in fig. 77, in which, while there is a 
sausage-like body, less curved than usual, attached to the two buds, it is but the 
terminal portion of a moniliform rod, the free end of which is pointed. 
The group shown in fig. 76 is interesting because the parent individual and its 
stolon are still perfect, and yet there is a half-grown bud in process of severing its 
stalk at about the middle of its length, and a curved, club-shaped body which 
presumably represents the whole, or the distal part, of the stalk of a bud which has 
previously cut itself off from the group. 
Only rarely is such a complex system as that shown in fig. 84 met with. In 
this case it would appear that a is the severed stolon of the parent polypide of the 
group; b, the largest individual present, is nearly full-grown, and has two buds of 
its own, c and d; the bud ¢ has a bud of its own, f; but what are the relations of the 
buds yg, 4 and j is not clear. The small size of 7 rather casts a doubt upon the 
identification of a as the stolon of the main individual of the group, and yet a is 
thicker than the stalk of b, and 6 is not yet fully grown. 
Notwithstanding the difficulty of interpretation of the last group, one may 
conclude that in general the parent polypide produces from the margin of the 
flattened extremity of its stolon first one bud and then a second. The first bud 
develops from the side of the distal extremity of its stalk a bud of its own, and then, 
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