6 1. PTEROPODIDji. 



II. Shoulder-pouches well developed in males, 

 rudimentary or quite absent in females ; lips 

 pendulous and folded on the sides (espe- 

 cially in adult males^, but without broad 

 cutaneous expansions m front ; molars with 

 smooth slightly grooved crowns without 

 cusps Epomophobus, p. 7. 



Subgenus Htpsignathus. 



1. Epomophorus monstrosus. 



Hypsignathus monstrosus, Allen, Proc. Acad. Nat. Set. Philad. 1861, 

 p. 156 ; Peters, MB. Akad. Bed. 1867, p. 870 ; Gh-ay, Catal. Mm- 

 keysand Fruit-eating Bats, p. 124 (1870). 



Spyrocephalus labrosus, Murray, P. Z. S. 1862, p. 8, pi. i. 



Considerably larger than any other known species of the genus. 

 Head (in adult males) very large and cylindrical, the anterior ex- 

 tremity of the muzzle thick and obtuse : the distance from the eye 

 to the end of the nose slightly more than half the length of the 

 head ; on either side of the extremity of the muzzle (in adult males) 

 a very prominent, deep, semicircular fold of integument, continuous 

 above with tho lower margin of the nostril, and below and behind 

 with the horizontal margin of the upper lip ; front margin of the 

 upper lip papillate, fimbriated ; corresponding margin of the lower 

 lip similar, but thinner and divided by a V-shaped incision in the 

 centre. In females the muzzle is conical and much shorter, and its 

 upper surface scarcely elevated above the nasal apertures, the lower 

 margins of which are connected with the sides of the lower lip by 

 folds similar to those in the males, but very much less developed 

 (Plate I. figs. 1, la, 2). 



The palate has three undivided straight transverse ridges, whereof 

 the first corresponds to tho space between the canines and the first 

 premolars, the second to the second premolars, the third to the molars ; 

 the fourth consists of two papillte ; the remaining ridges are indis- 

 tinct, arched forwards and finely toothed (Plate II. fig. 1). 



In tho adult male, on either side of the neck, a strong integumen- 

 tary band extends forwards from the point of origin of the ante- 

 brachial membrane to the side of the back of the head. These bands 

 are not developed in females, and they appear to be supports to the 

 head, which is so remarkably large in the adult male. 



Ears shorter than the muzzle, triangular, attenuated in their 

 upper third, and subacutely pointed ; the usual white patch of hairs 

 along the anterior and posterior margin of the ear-conch. 



Interfemoral membrane 0"-4 deep in the middle ; no trace of a 

 tail ; wings from the base of the second phalanx of the second toe. 



Upper surface of the muzzle nearly naked in the male, in the 

 female covered with very short grey hairs ; fur above and beneath 

 rather short, Ijut dense and very soft, greyish slate-brown, paler be- 

 neath. About three fourths of the forearm is covered with short fur, 



