S PTEKOPODlD^iE. 



b'. Muzzle shorter and broader, the fifth 

 palate-ridge simple, divided in the 



centre by a narrow incisor 2. JE. gambianus, p. 10. 



6. Palate-ridges less prominent, with semi- 

 circular toothed ridges behind ; no tail 

 externally, 

 c'. Muzzle shorter than in E. gambianus ; 

 the third palate-ridge developed on 



the sides only 3. E. franqueti, p. 12.- 



d'. Muzzle short ; the third palate-ridge 

 complete, undivided ; upper incisors 

 (in adults) two only 4. E. eom^Jtvs, p. 13. 



B. No transverse palate-ridges. (Small Epo- 

 mo2'>hori.') 

 e'. Muzzle much shorter and comparatively 

 broader than in any of the preceding- 

 species ; palate with a longitudinal 

 Y-shaped groove 6. E. pusilhcs, p. 14. 



Two other species have been recognised, Epomnphorus ivalilhergii, 

 SundevaU, and E. labiatus, Temminck (see p. 11). The former 

 appears to me to differ only from E. gambianus in the greater 

 hairiness of the extremities ; the latter seems to be distinguished 

 chiefly by its smaller size. Both are represented as yet by dried 

 skins only, so that an examination of their palate-ridges is im- 

 possible. 



2. Epomophorus macroceplialus. 



Pteropus macroeephalus, Ogilhy, P. Z. 8. 1835, p. 101 ; Wagner, 



Suppl. Schreb. Siivyeth. i. p. .367 (1844). 

 Pteropus megacephalus, Stoainson, Kat. Mist, and Class. Quadrup. 



p. 92 (1835). 

 Pteropus epomophorus, Bennett, P. Z. S. 1835, p. 149. 

 Epomophorus whitei, Bennett, Trans. Zoul. Soc. 1836, vol. ii. p. 38, 



pi. 6. 

 Epomophoius macroeephalus, Tomes, P. Z, S. 1860, p. 50, 1801. p. 11, 



figs. 1,1a; Peters, MB. Akad. Berl. 1867, p. 869. 



Head very long and narrow ; muzzle nearly half its length, much 

 longer than the ear ; the eye is less than half the distance from the 

 ear that it is from the end of the muzzle ; nostrils rather prominent 

 and diverging, opening laterally with a wide emargination between ; 

 the upper lip rounded in front, divided ivfericrhj by a narrow 

 shallow groove, which is not continuous with the emargination 

 between the nostrils above; sides of the Up much expanded and 

 folded in old males, with a prominent fleshy glandular (?) cushion 

 on each side, half internal, near the angle of the mouth. Ears 

 simple, oval, much longer than broad, rounded off above, the inner 

 margin convex to the tip, the outer margin similarly convex in 

 lower two thirds, flattened or slightly concave in upper third. 



Shoulder-pouches large, -weU developed in adult males, rudi- 

 mentary in females and in 5'oung males. 



Wing-membrane from the middle of the back of the first phalanx 

 of the second toe; interfemoral membrane very narrow in the 



