82 PTEEOPOBII)^. 



Pteropus pyrivorus, Hodgsmi, P. Z. 8. 1836, p. 36. 



Cynopterus horsfieldii, Gray, Cat. Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 88 (1843) j 



Horsfield, Cat. Mamm. Mus. E. I. Comp. p. 30 (1851). 

 Pachysoma luzoniense, Peters, MB. Akad. Berl. 1861, p. 708. 

 Eleutherura marginata, Gray, P. Z. S. 1866, p. 64. 



Ears large, rounded at the tip, witli a slight but distinct concavity 

 of the outer margin immediately beneath the tip ; both the outer 

 and inner margins of the ear-conch are bordered with white ; the 

 white border along the inner margin is one twelfth of an inch wide, 

 and contrasts strongly with the dark brown colour of the ear ; the 

 outer margm terminates below without forming a lobe at the base. 

 Nostrils projecting, with a deep emargination intervening. The 

 upper lip marked in the centre, as in Pteroious, with a narrow ver- 

 tical groove, bounded laterally by naked prominences continuous 

 with the integument of the nostrils. 



Ears naked posteriorly, except at their bases ; anteriorly a few 

 hairs appear upon the conch along the outer side of the white border 

 of the inner margin, and, similarly, along the inner side of the white 

 border of the outer margin. On the upper surface the fur extends 

 upon the wing-membrane nearly as far as a line joining the elbow- 

 and knee-joints, also thinly upon the humerus, the femur, and 

 proximal end of the tibia ; beneath, the antebrachial membrane is 

 covered with moderately long, thinly spread hairs, and the wing- 

 membrane is clothed to about the same extent as upon the upper 

 surface, the hairs also passing outwards in a narrow band posterior 

 to the forearm. The colour of the fur is extremely variable — dark 

 brown, reddish brown, snuff- brown, or olive-brown, sometimes with 

 a bluish tinge throughout. The fur of the male is distinguished 

 from that of the female, especially during the rutting-season, by a 

 collar of stiff' radiating reddish-yellow hairs, the coarseness and 

 colour of which appear to depend upon the presence of glands on 

 the sides and on the inferior surface of the neck, similar to those on 

 the shoulders of most species of Pteropvs. 



Upper incisors close together, short, equal in length, placed in a 

 straight line in the space between the canines, from which a slight 

 interval separates them on each side; lower incisors somewhat 

 smaller, forming a slightly arched row, the outer incisors on each 

 side separated as above by a small space from the canine *- Pirst 

 upper premolar minute, in the centre of the space between the 

 canine and second premolar, and slightly to the outer side of the 

 tooth-row ; second premolar nearly equal to the lower canine in 

 vertical extent. 



Length (of an adult d recently kiUed), head and body 4"-4, tail 

 0"-4, head l"-5, ear 1" x 0"-5, ear from tip of nostril l"-2, eye from 

 tip of nostril 0"-5, forearm 3", third linger 5", fifth finger 3"-7, 

 thumb 1"-1, tibia 1"-1, foot 0"-7. 



* In old individuals the lower inner incisors are occasionally found wanting, 

 and their place partially occupied by the outer incisors (see Monoer. Asiat. 

 Chiropt. p. 25). ^ 



