1. RHINOLOPHUS. 101 



wards a vertical, laterally compressed process, -which is either con- 

 nected with the front surface of the posterior nose-loaf or free. 

 Base of the outer side of the ear expanded, forming a large anti- 

 tragus. Wings very large ; metaoaqjal hone of fourth finger ex- 

 ceeding that of second in length. Basioccipital very narrow between 

 the auditory bullae, in most species linear ; cochleae prominent, deejjly 

 grooved externally ; foramen rotundum united with sphenoidal 

 fissure. 



Dentition. Inc. % c. J^i, pm. |=|, m. |=|. 



Second lower premolar generally minute and placed outside the 

 tooth-row ; first upper premolar minute, pointed, standing in the 

 tooth-row or 13'ing in the outer angle between the closely approxi- 

 mated canine and second large premolar. 



Range. Temperate and tropical parts of the eastern hemisphere 

 — from Ireland to Japan, from South Africa to Australia, New 

 Guinea and New Ireland. 



In temperate regions the species hibernate in dry and warm 

 hiding-places during the winter, not venturing abroad while any 

 cold remains ; in tropical and subtropical countries they are fond of 

 frequenting hiU-ranges ; and many of the species are clothed with 

 remarkably long and dense fur. 



Synopsis of tJie Species. 



A.t Second upper premolar separated from the 

 canine by a rather wide space, in the centre 

 of which the first small premolar is placed ; 

 second lower premolar small, but distinctly 

 visible, placed in the outer angle between 

 the adjoiuiug premolars, or (rarely) stand- 

 ing in the tooth-row. 



a. Central nose-leaf or sella not united with 



the terminal portion of the nose-leaf, the 

 posterior extremity of the connecting 

 process being received into a concavity 

 in the front surface of the terminal lancet- 

 shaped leaf. 

 1. Antitragus large, separated posteriorly 



by a deep angular notch ; forearm 



l"-85 Sh. ccelophyllus, p. 104. 



b. Central nose-leaf or sella united posteriorly 



by a laterally flattened band (the poste- 

 rior connecting-process) with the upper 

 and front surface of the base of the ter- 

 minal nose-leaf. 

 b'. Horizontal portion of the sella expanded, 

 much wider than the base of its vertical 

 process. 

 b". Sides of the base of the sella folded 

 inwards and backwards. 

 2. Summit of the vertical process of 

 the sella broadly rounded oft' or 

 truncated ; forearm 2"-9 Ji/i. Indus, p. 10-3, 



