4. PHYLLOEHINA. 127 



Lower incisors fcrifid, placed transverse to the direction of the 

 jaws. Upper canines with a small but very distinct posterior cusp ; 

 first upper premolar extremely smaU, not raised above the level of 

 the gum, and scarcely visible without the aid of a lens, in the outer 

 angle between the closely approximated canine and second premolar. 



Length (of an adult $ ), head and body l"-85, tail 1"-1, ear 

 0"-55 X 0"-35, nose-leaf 0"-35 x 0"-3 ; third finger— metacarp. l"-4, 

 1st ph. 0"-5, 2nd ph. 0"-6 ; fourth finger— metacarp. l"-25, 1st ph. 

 0"-4, 2nd ph. 0"-3 ; fifth finger- metacarp. l"-05, 1st ph. 0"-5, 

 2nd ph. 0"-35 ; tibia 0"-6, foot 0"-3. 



Hah. Australia (Port Essington, Victoria). 



a. ad. S , al. (type). Port Essing-ton. Earl of Derby [P.]. 



b. ad. 5 , al. North Australia. N.-Australian Expedition. 



c. d. ad. sks. Victoria. Earl of Derby [P.]. 



4. PHYLLOEHINA. 



Phyllorrhina, Bonaparte, Saggio di una distrih. anim. vertehr. 1831, 

 p. 16; Peters, MB. Akad. Berl. 1871, p. 312; Dobson, J. A. S. B. 

 1872, p. 141 ; Monogr. Asiat. Chiropt. p. 58 (1876). 



Hipposiderus, Gra/ij, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1834, p. 53. 



Hipposideros et Asellia, Ch-ay, Mag. Zool. ^ Bat. ii. (1838), pp. 492-3. 



Macronycteris, Qloionycteris, Rhinophylla, Speorifera, Chrysonyc- 

 teris, Phyllorhina et Asellia, Gray, P. Z. S. 1866, pp. 81, 82. 



Nose-leaf complicated, consisting of three portions, anterior, pos- 

 terior, and intermediate ; the anterior horseshoe-shaped, as in Rhi- 

 nolojphus, though not similarly emarginate in front ; the posterior 

 erect, with a convex, lobed, or incised free edge, concave in front, 

 the concavity simple or divided by narrow vertical ridges into shallow 

 cells ; the intermediate portion (evidently homologous with the sella in 

 Hhinolophua), forming the posterior boundary of the depression at the 

 bottom of which the nasal orifices are placed, is usually broadly cor- 

 diform with the base upwards, the sides thickened, the centre with or 

 vrithout a projecting point or narrow longitudinal ridge in front. 



These are the characters of the nasal appendages in by far the 

 greater number of the species of this genus, which is also distin- 

 g^shed from Rhinolophus by the form of the ear-conch, by the 

 absence of the large leaf-like antitragus, and, more particularly, by 

 the presence of two joints only in all the toes, by the number and 

 character of the teeth, and by the much greater width of the base of 

 the skull between the auditory bullee. 



Many species are provided with a peculiar frontal sac behind the 

 nose-leaf, which the animal can evert at pleasure Kke the finger of a 

 glove ; the sides of this sac secrete a waxy substance like that con- 

 tained in the gular pouches of Taphozous ; its extremity supports a 

 pencil of straight hairs, of which the ends only project when the sac 

 is inverted. 



T, • ■ X 2 1—1 2 — 2 * 3 — 3 



Dentition. Inc. -, c. j^j, pm. ^^^ *, m. g^. 



* Pm. 5^ in Ph. iridens and in Ph. Tnegalotis. 



