4. PHYLLORHINA. 149 



Hah. The Oriental Region. Typical examples have been found 

 chiefly in the Indo-Malayan Subregion (Nicobar Islands, Java, 

 Borneo, Philippine Islands). Two of the varieties {Ph. amboinensis 

 and Ph. aruensis) extend into the northern parts of the Australian 

 Begion. 



Ph. bicolor appears to vary considerably, not only in the colour of 

 the fur, but also in the size of the ears and in the position of attach- 

 ment of the wing-membrane to the posterior extremities. In the 

 typical Ph. bkolor the ears are as long as the head ; in the form 

 described as Phyllorhina fulva. Gray, they reach their greatest de- 

 velopment, and are considerably longer than the head ; in Ph. am- 

 boinensis, Meters, they are shorter. Between these, however, so 

 many intermediate forms are found that it appears quite impossible 

 to recognise more than one species. Ph. fulva and the intermediate 

 forms are therefore considered varieties of Ph. bicolor. 



Var. a (Phyllorhina fulva). 



Hipposideros fulvus et murinus, Gray, Mag. Zool. 8f Bot. ii. p. 492 



(1838). 

 Rhinolophus murinus et fulgens, Elliot, Catal. Mammals South Mdh- 



ratta Country, p. 8 (1840). 

 Hipposideros fulvus, murinus, atratus, Kelaart, Prodr. Faunce Zey- 



lanices, pp. 15, 16 (1852). 

 Hipposideros cineraoeus, Blyth, Journ. Asiat. Soc. Beng. xxii. p. 410 ; 



Jerdon, Mammals of India, p. 28 (1867). 

 ■ Phyllorhina aurita, tomes, P. Z. S. 1859, pi. 76. 

 Chrysonycteris fulva, Ch-ay, P. Z. S. 1866, p. 82. 

 Phyllorhina fulva, Peters, MB. Akad. Berl. 1871, p. 322; Dobson, 



Monoyr. Asiat. Chiropt. p. 71 (1876). 



Ears longer than the head, with a very slight flattening of the 

 upper third of the outer margin beneath the broadly rounded-off ex- 

 tremity of the conch (Plate IX. fig. 10). 



Thumb and feet slightly longer than in typical specimens of Ph. 

 hicolor, and the extremity of the tail appears to project more. In 

 other respects quite similar to Ph. bicolor. 



In some specimens of this variety the fur is brilliant golden 

 yeUow, the brightness of the colour probably unequalled by that 

 of any other species of mammal; in others (by far the greater 

 number) the colour of the fur is white, with dark- coloured extre- 

 mities. The conditions under which this remarkable difference in 

 colour occurs are not yet understood ; but it most probably takes 

 place during the rutting-season, and may be analogous to the breed- 

 ing-plumage of birds. 



(For measurements see Table, p. 150). 



Hah. Thecontinentalpartsof the Oriental Region; India, Ceylon, 

 Burma, China (Amoy). 



It is probable that typical examples of Ph. bicolor, with ears as 

 long as the head, are contined to the insular parts of the Oriental 

 Region, their representatives in the adjoining continent being the 

 large-eared Ph. fulva. 



