296 VESPERXILIONID.E. 



rounded off; the outer margin is straight or slightly ooncavo be- 

 neath the tip for about one third of its length, becoming gradually 

 convex, and terminating abruptly opposite the base of the inner 

 margin. The tragus terminates in an obtuse rounded point ; the 

 inner margin is slightly concave, the outer convex. 



Thumb armed with a very large claw. Wings from the distal 

 extremity of the tibia ; the point of origin of the wing-membrane 

 is very sharply defined. The calcaneum extends rather more than 

 halfway between the ankle and the tail. 



Fur, above, dark at the base, the hairs with light brown extre- 

 mities ; beneath, black at the base, the extremities white. 



Both the first and second upper premolars are drawn inwards, 

 owing to the proximity of the third large premolar to the canine ; 

 the second premolar is extremely small, and more internal than the 

 first. The lower incisors are not crowded ; the second lower pre- 

 molar is about half the size of the first premolar ; the first premolar 

 is less than the canine in vertical extent. 



Length, head and body 2"-4, tail 2", head 0"-75, ear 0"'6, tragus 

 0"-3x0"-09, forearm l"-8, thumb 0"-35, third finger 3"-l, fifth 

 finger 2""4, tibia 0"-8, calcaneum 0"-65, foot 0""4. 



Hob. Prom Southern England to the Altai Mountains, probably 

 generally distribiited throughout the temperate regions of Europe 

 and Asia. On the continent of Europe it is recorded from the 

 Netherlands, France, Denmark, Prussia, Hungary, and Italy. 



V. dasycneme is readily distinguished from all other species of 

 this section by the form of the tragus, which resembles that of some 

 of the species of the subgenus Vesperus ( Vesperugo), and by the 

 less amount of hair on the face. 



a. $ ad., al. GaUcia. G. E. Dobson, M.B. [K]. 



8. Vespertilio ferrugineus. 



Vespei'tilio feiTugineus, Temminck, Monogr. Mammal, ii. p. 239, pi. 

 58. fig. 2. 



Ears shorter than the head, laid forwards the extremities reach 

 almost to the end of the muzzle ; inner margin of the ear-conch 

 straight in lower and upper thirds and convex in the middle, the 

 outer margin concave in upper half, so that the rather narrowly 

 rounded-off tip projects outwards, then convex, emarginate opposite 

 the base of the tragus and terminating in a small lobe ; inner margin 

 of the tragus straight, outer margin slightly convex, not attenuated 

 above, subacutely pointed. 



Wings from the ankles or tarsus ; interfemoral membrane acutely 

 angular behind, not fringed ; last caudal vertebra free. 



Fur moderately long on the ujiper surface, short beneath ; above 

 dark brown, the terminal third of the hairs light yellowish or fer- 

 ruginous brown : beneath dark brown with greyish extremities, 

 causing the whole under surface to appear ashy ; ears and mem- 

 branes brown. 



