11. PHVLIOSTOMA. 485 



inner margin of tlie ear-conch convex, the convexity decreasing up- 

 wards ; upper half of the outer margin flatly emarginate, causing the 

 tip of the ear to project slightly; lower half sHghtly convex; from 

 the inner surface of the conch, near the anterior termination of the 

 outer margin, arises parallel to the tragus a well-defined small square 

 process, whereof the outer upper angle projects outwards ; tragus 

 much longer than wide, attenuated in upper third and suhacutely 

 pointed ; inner margin convex helow, concave ahove, lower third of 

 the outer margin forming a square lobe (as in most other species of 

 the subfamily) with projections at the lower and upper angles, about 

 the middle of the outer margin a separate small pointed process, 

 above which there is an obtuse angular projection from which the 

 outer margin slopes upwards and inwards to form the tip ; nose-leaf 

 near the extremity of the muzzle, surrounded by glandular elevations 

 less developed immediately in front and behind ; horizontal leaf cir- 

 cular, having the uncovered nasal apertures opening in the centre, 

 from between which the base of the erect posterior leaf arises ; poste- 

 rior erect leaf ovate, acuminate, in its widest part not quite equal- 

 ling the width of the horseshoe, with a prominent longitudinal 

 ridge ; margin of the horseshoe separated from the muzzle laterally 

 and in front ; lower lip with a wide groove in front, margined on 

 either side by nine small warts, whereof the two upper and inner 

 are larger (Plate XXV. fig. 3, head). 



In males the circular opening of a glandular sac exists in the 

 inferior surface of the neck, slightly in front of the anterior extre- 

 mity of the sternum ; in females, a small rudimentary orifice alone 

 is found. 



Wing-membrane extending to the ankles ; tail short, of five ver- 

 tebrae, included in the base of the large interfemoral membrane, and 

 projecting very slightly on its upper surface ; calcaneum one third 

 longer than the foot. 



On the upper surface the fur covers half the forearm, and the base 

 of the interfemoral membrane as far as the point of exit of the taU ; 

 the remaining parts of the membranes and extremities are quite 

 naked ; beneath, a very few fine hairs appear upon the antebrachial 

 membranes and upon the wing-membrane near the body. The fur 

 covering the body and head is moderately long and dense, and 

 covers the face as far forwards as the posterior margin of the nose- 

 leaf. 



Above, dark greyish or reddish brown ; paler beneath : or brilliant 

 chestnut-brown above, slightly paler beneath. 



Frontals flattened between the orbits ; no postorbital processes ; 

 crown of the skull slightly and gradually raised above the face-line, 

 with a well-defined sagittal crest, mastoid and paroccipital processes 

 forming large flattened projections ; basisphenoid deeply excavated 

 on each side behind the commencement of the mesopterygoid fossa ; 

 bony palate not extending quite so far back as the middle of the 

 slender zygomata. 



Middle upper incisors moderately large, with broad oblique 



