5-48 PHTLLOSXOMIDJE. 



side of the heel and base of the toes with small projecting cushions 

 homologous to those of the thumb. All the bones of the extre- 

 mities are remarkably strong, and the fibula as well as the tibia is 

 well developed. 



Above reddish brown, the base of the hairs light yellowish ; 

 beneath much paler throughout, pale yellowish or pale yellowish 

 brown ; but various shades of reddish brown, occasionally with an 

 ashy tinge, occur in different individuals. The upper surface of the 

 antebrachial membrane, the wing-membrane as far outwards as 

 a line drawn from the elbow to the foot, and the interfemoral are 

 clothed with short reddish-yeUow hairs. 



Brain-case large, spheroidal, without prominent ridges or crests, 

 thus indicating the weakness of the muscles of mastication ; facial 

 portion of the skull very short and narrow, the canine being close in 

 front of the infraorbital foramen and the nasal aperture in a line 

 with the anterior margin of the orbits ; the bony palate is conse- 

 quently very short, but extends backwards as far as the middle of 

 the zj'gomatic arch ; basioccipital wide, excavated ; auditory bullce 

 ossece moderately large, the cochleae but half concealed by the tym- 

 panic bullae. 



The upper single pair of incisors very large, each tooth fonning 

 an oblique-angled triangle, whereof the shortest side is inwards and 

 close to the corresponding side of the opposite tooth ; the inferior 

 and longest side is slightly concave, and forms a very sharp cutting- 

 edge, extending from the base of the canine to the acutely-pointed 

 summit of the tooth in the centre ; canines smaller than the incisors, 

 but with very sharp anterior and posterior cutting-edges ; the pair 

 of upper (?) premolar teeth small, laterally compressed, with longi- 

 tudinal cutting-edges continuous with the base of the canine and 

 with each other ; lower incisors small, bifid, in pairs, separated from 

 the canines and also by a space in front ; lower (?) premolars narrow, 

 like those in the upper jaw, but the anterior tooth is slightly larger 

 than the others, separated by a small space from the canine, and its 

 cutting-edge is directed backwards and upwards. 



Behind the lower incisors the jaw is deeply hollowed out to 

 receive the extremities of the large upper incisors (Plate XXX. 

 fig. 7 6). 



With the above-described peculiar dentition there is associated as 

 remarkable a departure from the general type in the form of the 

 stomach. 



The oesophagus, which scarcely exceeds one of the larger blood- 

 vessels in diameter, opens at right angles into a narrow intestine- 

 like stomach, which almost immediately terminates on the right, 

 without a distinct pylorus, in the duodenum, but on the left forms 

 a greatly elongated caecum bent and folded upon itself, which 

 appears at first sight like part of the intestines. This, the cardiac 

 extremity of the stomach, is, for a short distance to the left of the 

 entrance of the oesophagus, still very narrow, but soon increases in 

 size till near its termination it attains a diameter quite three times 

 that of the short pj'loric portion. The length of this cardiac diver- 



