98 THE SAND STRAND FLOBA 



Frequently on shores, although not restricted to coast. Europe and 

 temperate Asia. Several forms of this plant occur on the coastal dunes 

 of Germany, as sericea Fr. and stramentisia G. Beck. 



A. maritima L. 



Suffrutescent, much-branched, decumbent, covered with white tom- 

 entum; leaves twice pinnate, with narrow-linear segments. 



Maritime sands of Western Europe, Mediterranean, Black Sea, and 

 Caspian Sea. 



A. pycnocephala DC. 



Perennial herb, with stout stem, 4 — 8 dm. high, somewhat woody at 

 base, crowded with leaves, once or twice pinnately divided inta linear 

 entire segments; herbage densely silky-villous ; flowers yellow. 



Coastal sand dunes of California, from Monterey northwards. 



A. Stelleriana Bess. 



Perennial, densely white-tomentose; stem-branched, 3 — 7 dm. high, 

 bushy; branches ascending; leaves obovate, 2 — 8 cm. long, pinnatifid 

 into oblong, obtuse, usually entire lobes; densely tomentose beneath, 

 but green and glabrous above in age. 



Sandy sea beaches, Kamtschatka, Southern Sweden, Denmark, 

 England, Ireland, Atlantic coast of North America. 



A. vulgaris L. 



Perennial, thick and woody stock, erect flowering stems, 5 — 10 dm. 

 high, glabrous; leaves pinnatifid, with lanceolate, pointed lobes, coarsely 

 toothed, dark green and glabrous above, white tomentose underneath. 



Common in Europe, Asia, and North America. Not confined to coast. 



Aster (Olearia) axillaris F. Muell. 



Erect shrub, much-branched, 1—3 m. high, white-tomentose; leaves 

 obovate, or linear, 1—2 cm. long, obtuse, entire, with revolute margins, 

 glabrous and shining above, white-woolly beneath. 



On coastal sand dunes in Victoria, South Australia (St. Vincent's 

 Gulf), and Western Australia (Perth). Also in Tasmania. 



A. (Olearia) glutinosus Benth. 

 Much-branched shrub, 1—1.6 m. high, glabrous, glutinous; leaves 

 narrow-linear, acute, 1—4 cm. long, flat, margins somewhat recurved. 

 Sandy coasts of Tasmania, Victoria and South Australia. 



