X CONTENTS 



PAGES 



The cotyledons, 45 ; Development of hypocotyl, 46 ; 

 Shallow planting, 47 ; The vigor of the plantlet, 48 ; Vig- 

 orous seedlings, 49 ; How deep should seeds be planted ? 

 50 ; Surface planting, 51 ; Spores, 52 ; The embryo, 53 ; 

 The endosperm, 54 ; The plumule, 55 ; Parts of the 

 seedling, 56. 



CHAPTER III 

 The Growing Plant .... ... 34-57 



Chlorophyll, 57 ; Formation of food, 58 ; The sources 

 of plant-food, 59; Elements in plant-food, 60 ; Function 

 of the different elements, 61 ; Water is necessary to 

 growth, 62 ; Distribution of food materials through the 

 plant, 63. The inner structure of the plant : The epi- 

 dermis, 64 ; Breathing pores or stomata, 65 ; The grow- 

 ing point, 66 ; The vascular bundles, 67 ; The cambium 

 layer, 68 ; Uniting of the cambium, 69 ; How stems in- 

 crease in diameter, 70 ; The living part of woody stems, 

 7 1 ; The healing of wounds, 72. The water of plants and 

 its movements : Water-content of plants, 73 ; Transpira- 

 tion, 74 ; Influence of trees, 75 ; The brittleness, 76 ; 

 The transpiration current, 77 ; The flow of sap in spring, 

 78 ; The current of prepared food (elaborated sap), 79 ; ■ 

 Killing trees by girdling, 80 ; Root starvation, 81 ; Weed 

 destruction, 82 ; Restriction, 83 ; The storage of reserve 

 food, 84 ; Use of reserve food, 85. 



CHAPTER IV 



The Root and the Soil 58-74 



Functions of the root, 86 ; Origin of the root, 87 ; 

 Moisture, 88 ; Oxygen, 89 ; The ideal soil, 90 ; Changes 

 in the soil, 91 ; The importance of organic matter in the 

 soil, 92 ; Soil ventilation, 93 ; Ventilation of hotbeds, 94 ; 

 Soil aeration, 95 ; Potted plants require drainage, 96 ; 

 Watering potted plants, 97 ; How the root-tip penetrates 

 the soil, 98 ; Growth of roots in length, 99 ; The root- 

 hairs, 100 ; Absorption of water, 101 ; Parts that absorb, 

 102 ; The branching of roots, 103 ; Transplanting and 



