2 PRINCIPLES OF PLANT CULTUBE 



An intelligent but untrained person might be taught to 

 prepare and insert a cion (386) ^ in the most approved 

 way. This pertains to the art of grafting. The same 

 person might be taught the reasons why each step of 

 the process is performed in its particular manner. This 

 pertains to the science of grafting. One may become 

 a skilled grafter without learning the science of grafting, 

 but one cannot graft intelligently. The artisan, however 

 skillful, who knows only the art, cannot become a master 

 workman in the highest sense until he learns also the 

 science that underlies his trade. 



The art of doing any kind of work is best learned by 

 working under the guidance of a skilled workman. The 

 science is best learned from books and laboratory and 

 field experimental studies with the help of trained instruc- 

 tors. Science not yet wrought out, and hence not ex- 

 plained in publications, is learned by close, persistent 

 and thoughtful investigation. 



3. Environment is a term used to express all the out- 

 side influences, taken as a whole, that affect a given 

 object in any way. A plant or animal, for. example, is 

 affected by various external conditions, as heat, mois- 

 ture, light, food and so on. These conditions and all 

 others that influence the plant or animal make up its 

 environment. 



4. What is plant culture ? — The well-being of a plant 

 or animal depends very much upon a favorable condition 

 of environment, and with the proper knowledge, we can 

 do much toward keeping the environment in a favor- 



1 The numbers in parenthesis in the text refer to the numbered 

 paragraphs in this book, and are intended to help students to a 

 better understanding of the subject. Students should be urged 

 to look up these cross-references. 



