226 PRINCIPLES OF PLANT CULTURE 



from the inserted bud will have the whole season for 

 growth and maturity. Figs. 122-129 show forms and 

 practices in budding. 



With plants that unite freely and with the stock in 

 the proper condition, 



395. Success in budding depends upon (a) A fresh 

 condition of the buds; these must not be in the least 

 shriveled from dryness. (b) The proper removal and 

 insertion of the bud; the growing point of the latter 

 (66) must not be injured. If this comes out, leav- 

 ing the bud-scales partially hollow, the bud will not 

 grow, even if properly inserted. The bud should be in- 

 serted promptly to avoid loss of moisture, (c) The proper 

 wrapping of the wounded bark to prevent evaporation 

 and exclude moisture. The ligature should not cover 

 the bud. (d) The removal of the ligature after the union, 

 to permit expansion of the stock, (e) The cutting oif of 

 the stock just beyond the bud, when the latter commences 

 growth, to stimulate its development. 



Two methods of budding are in common use, viz., T- or 

 shield-budding and ring- or annular-budding. 



396. T-budding. — In T-budding, which is the more 

 common and expeditious method, a short shaving, con- 

 taining a hard and plump bud, cut deep enough to reach 

 through the cambium (Fig. 123), is inserted beneath the 

 bark of the stock, as described for side-grafting (393). 



The buds, which should be plump and mature, and of the 

 variety it is desired to propagate, are taken from shoots 

 of the current season's growth. These shoots (" bud 

 sticks ") (Fig. 122) should be cut the day the buds are 

 to be inserted, and should be trimmed at once, and rolled 

 in damp cloth, to prevent loss of moisture. The trim- 

 ming consists in cutting off the leaves, saving a bit of the 



