INDEX 



289 



Evergreens, affected by heat, 110. 



cuttings of, 205. 

 Evolution, theory of, 12. 

 Exposure, 120. 

 Extension rod, 165, 166. 



Families of plants and animals, 10. 



Fecundation, 92. 



Feebleness, 4. 



Fermenting material for hotbeds, 



200. 

 Fertilizers, nitrogenous, 150. 

 Fir tree oil, 162. 

 Floret, 91. 

 Flower-buds, 81, (lab.), 281. 



conditions affecting formation of, 

 83, 84, 86. 



killing of, 117. 

 Flowers, abortive parts of, 90. 



composite, 91. 



effect of on plant,' 87. 



imperfect, 95, (lab.), 281. 



killing by frost, 118. 



monoecious and dioecious, 94. 



of grasses, 91. 



parts of, 87, (lab.), 281. 



perfect 94, (lab.), 281. 



preparation for crossing, 270. 



pruning for, 258. 



use of, 87. 



variation in form, 90. 

 FoUage, 85. 

 Food, effect of lack of, 145. 



excessive, 144. 



formation of, 34. 



gathering by root-hairs, 65. 



in cotyledons (lab.), 280. 



prepared, 54. 



reserve, 7, 56, 84. 



restriction of current of, 56. 



source of for animals, 36. 

 Food elements, deficiency of, 146. 

 Food materials, distribution of, 39. 

 Formaldehyde treatment of seeds, 



177. 

 Formation, of flower-buds, 83. 



of head in fruit-trees, 256. 

 Formative pruning, 251, 252. 

 Forms of trees, 253. 



Freezing, 113, 114. 

 Freezing point, 120. 

 Frenching of tobacco, 131. 

 Frost, action in soil, 61. 



factors tending to avert, 126. 



forteUing of, 122, (lab.), 283. 



UabiUty to, 127. 



methods of preventing injury by, 

 127. 



relation to wind, 142. 

 Frost-cracks, 116. 

 Frost-ribs, 116. 



Frozen tissues, treatment of, 115. 

 Fruit, development of, 96. 



pruning for, 258. 



ripening of, 98. 



thinning, 97, 249. 

 Fruitfulness, 56. 

 Fruit spurs, 82. 

 Fruit-trees, 256. 

 Functions, of elements, 37. 



of leaves, 75, 



of root, 58. 

 Fungi, 174. 

 Fungicides, 179. 

 Fungous attacks, 142. 



Genus, 10. 

 Germination, failure, 22. 



hastening, 21, (lab.), 279. 



importance of prompt, 20, (lab.), 

 268. 



relation to moisture, 16 ; to 

 oxygen, 19 ; to warmth, 17, 

 21. 



time of, 98. 



time required for, 24. 

 Girdled trees, 215. 

 Girdling, 55. 

 Gophers, 153. 

 Gormands, 132. 

 Grafting, 214. 



limits of, 215, 216. 



methods of, 216, 220-224. 



objects of, 215, 257. 

 Grafting cord, 219. 

 Grafting paper, 219. 

 Grafting-wax, 217, (lab.), 284. 

 Grafts, wrapping of, 217. 



