THE GOLDFISH AND ITS CULTURE. 15 
ture; the anal fin mostly absent; the caudal fin is double, very large 
and deeply divided. The eyes are large and project forward, having 
the appearance of a small telescope adjusted to the eye (see illustra- 
tion), from this the fish received the name it bears. To make the 
THE TELESCOPE. 
eyes more prominent the Japanese culturist resorts to an ingenious 
device. He places the young fish in small dark-glass vessels shaped 
for the purpose, and which obliges the fish to look constantly in but 
one direction. 
The color of the fish may be either vermillion, white or part of 
both, the markings in that case being very beautiful. The body of 
the fish is all out of proportion to the size of the fins, and in conse- 
quence propulsion is a difficult matter. 
In spawning, thé male rolls the female about among the stones in 
a most pitiful manner, sometimes for days together; this is an effort 
of the male to assist in the extrusion of the eggs. When spawned 
the eggs attach themselves to the stones and other substantial objects 
rather than to water-plants, probably because it is amongst the 
stones that the extrusion takes place. 
When the young are first hatched, they appear exactly like the 
common goldfish. They rest upon the water-plants or other sup- 
ports for a couple of days, at the end of which time the yolk-bag is 
absorbed; then commences the struggle for existence. The double 
