256 SNAKES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS 



The cobra, or cobra di capello (Portuguese), which is the com- 

 mon name for this group of snakes associated under the species 

 Naja naja, is readily recognized by its habit of raising the ante- 

 rior part of the body from the ground, and spreading the skin 

 of the neck, when disturbed. The vertebrse of the neck are 

 equipped with elongate ribs. Usually, too, the snake emits a loud 

 hissing noise when it strikes, and not infrequently squirts small 

 jets of venom from its hollow fangs. This poison can be thrown 

 at least 2 meters, but cannot do harm unless thrown into a fresh 

 wound or into the eye. The eye thus poisoned becomes inflamed 

 and a conjunctivitis results, sometimes causing blindness and 

 even death. In Naja hannali the ability to spread the neck is 

 probably much less developed than in N. naja. The food of the 

 two species consists of snakes, lizards, and frogs. N. hannah 

 appears to prey wholly on snakes of other species. Snakes of 

 this genus are deadly poisonous to man, death usually ensuing a 

 few hours after the individual is bitten. 



NAJA HANNAH (Cantor) 



Plate .31, figs, 2 and 3 



Hamadryas hannah Cantor, As. Res. 19 (1836) 87. pis. 10-12. 

 Naja bungarus Schlegel, Phys. Serp. 2 (1837) 476, pi. 17, figs. 8, 9; 



SCHLEGEL and MtiLLER, in Temminck Verh. Overz, Bez. Nederl. Ind. 



Rept. (1844) 71, pi. 10; Petees, Mon. Berl. Ak. (1861) 690; Bou- 



LENGER, Fauna Brit; India, Rept. (1890) 392. tig. 114; Griffin, 



Philip. Journ. Sci. § D 6 (1911) 266. 

 Hamadryas ophiophagus Cantor, Proc. Zool. Soc. (1839) 32; Cat. 



Mai. Rept. (1847) 116. 

 Trimeresurus ophiophagus, part., Dumeril and BiBRON, Erp. Gen. 



7 (1854) 1245. 

 Hamadryas elaps Gunthek, Cat. Col. Snakes (1858) 219. 

 Trimeresurus bungarus Jan, Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1859) 129; Icon. 



Gen. (1873) 44, pi. 4. 

 Naja (Hamadryas ?) fasciafa Peters, Mon. Berl. Ak, (1S61) 689. 

 Ophiophagus elaps Gunther, Rept. Brit, India (1864) 341; StO- 



liczka, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal 39 (1870) 210, pi. 11, fig. 7; An- 

 derson, Proc. Zool. Soc. (1871) 188; Fayrer, Thanatoph.' Ind. 



(1874) pis. 7, 8; Boettger, Ber. Senck. Nat. Ges. (1886) 116; Ber. 



Offenb. Ver. Nat. (1888) 86; Casto de Elera, Cat, Fauna Filipinas 



1 (1895) 440, 

 Naja claps Theobald, Cat. Rept. Brit. India (1876) 209, 

 . Naja iiigens Van Hasselt, Vorsl. Ak. Amsterd. 17 (1882) 140. 

 Ophiophagus fasciatus Boettger, Ber. Senck. Nat. Ges. (1886) 117; 



Casto de Elera, Cat. Fauna Filipinas 1 (1895) 439. 

 Hamadryas elaps Fischer, Jahrb. wiss. Anst. Hamburg 2 (1885) 81. 

 Naja tripudians var. sumatraiia MiJLLER, Verh Nat Ges Basel 8 



(1887) 277. 

 Naia bungarus Bohlenger, Cat. Snakes Brit. Mus. 3 (1896) 386. 



