British hiekacia. 79 



33. H. BOREAIE. Without root-leaves. Stem leafy, with a 

 panicled or racemose leafy corymb. Zeaves Mate or ovate- 

 lanceolate, denticulate or dentate : lowest suh-petiolate : 

 upper ones Iroad, sessile or slightly clasping. Peduncles as- 

 cending, floecose, scaly. Involucres ovate at the base; 

 dark g^eeu or llaehish throughout ; sub-glabrous, or with 

 scattered hairs. Fhyllaries broad, obtuse. Florets glab- 

 rous at the tips. Styles livid or fuliginous. 



H. boreale. Fries, Symb. p. 190. Bab. Man. Ed. 8, p. 199. 

 Gren. & Godr. p. 385. Hook, and Am. Ed. 7, p. 227. 



H. fruticosum latifoUum Mrsutum. Eay's Syn. Ed. 3, p. 167. 



S. sabaudum. E. £. t. 349. 



H. heterophyllum. Bladon in Phytol. vol. ii. p. 961. 



Hedge banks and margins of ■woods. Very abundant on railway 

 embankments, &o. in many parts of the country. 



Flowers in 8th, 9th and 10th months. 



Plant 2 to 4 feet high, with numerous heads of medium size. 

 Stem erect, rigid, frequently reddish j more or less clothed, 

 especially towards the base, with long soft or brittle white hairs, 

 intermingled in the upper part with stellate down ; sometimes 

 scabrous with the rough glandular bases of the fallen hairs, nearly 

 destitute of stellate down ; leafy throughout, (often densely so in 

 the lower part), forming a leafy racemose corymb or branched 

 panicle. Leaves dull green, paler beneath, and falsely 3-veined j 

 glabrous or hairy beneath (especially on the midrib) and at the 

 margins J denticulate or dentate with teeth pointing forwards, 

 entire towards the point : lowest leaves lanceolate or ovate- 

 lanceolate, sub-acute, narrowed or attenuated downwards into 

 short or sometimes rather elongated villous petioles : intermediate 

 ovate, acute, narrowed or rounded to a sessile or somewhat clasping 

 base ; upper ones sub-acuminate, broad, rounded and sessile, or 

 slightly cordate and clasping at the base. Branches of the raceme 

 or corymb erect or ascending, very leafy, always supported by leaves 

 at the base ; frequently elongated and hairy. Peduncles densely 



